Eye Tracking Illumination Calibration for Accurate Gaze Estimation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing eye tracking systems suffer from inaccuracies due to uneven illumination by light sources, leading to errors in gaze estimation, particularly in wearable devices.

Innovation Solution

A controller adjusts the intensity of multiple light sources based on their illumination contributions, ensuring even illumination by processing images acquired with different subsets of light sources, using a calibration method to determine and set light-source-control-signalling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If multiple light sources are used to illuminate the user's eye, then the illumination coverage is improved, but the evenness of illumination deteriorates due to variations in light source brightness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveillumination coverageVSAvoidevenness of illumination
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by adjusting the intensity of each light source individually based on its specific illumination contribution to different regions of the eye. The controller determines which light sources illuminate which portions of the eye and adjusts their intensities locally to achieve uniform overall illumination, rather than applying a uniform intensity setting to all light sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the intensity parameter of each light source based on measured illumination contributions. The system measures the illumination level provided by each light source and adjusts their intensity parameters dynamically to compensate for variations, transforming the system from static uniform illumination to dynamic adaptive illumination with uniform result.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Illumination intensity

If light source intensity is increased to improve image brightness, then the illumination level is improved, but the accuracy of gaze estimation deteriorates due to uneven illumination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage brightnessVSAvoidgaze estimation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback by measuring the actual illumination level provided by each light source and using this information to adjust their intensity. The system continuously monitors illumination contributions and adjusts light source intensities accordingly, creating a closed-loop control system that maintains optimal illumination for accurate gaze estimation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary measurement of illumination contributions from each light source before conducting gaze tracking. This preliminary characterization of each light source's illumination pattern allows the system to pre-calculate appropriate intensity settings that will achieve uniform illumination during actual use, improving gaze estimation accuracy from the start.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the evenness of illumination, improving the accuracy and precision of gaze tracking by reducing variations in image brightness caused by uneven light source brightness.

Implementation Method 1

a plurality of light sources that are arranged to illuminate a user's eye

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight emission: Light

Implementation Method 2

the reflection of the light is captured by an image sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP4307027B1An eye tracking system
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 TOBII TECH AB
  • EP4307027B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4307027B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4A
  • EP4307027B1 patent drawingFigure 4B~4C

AI summary

An eye tracking system (300) comprising: a plurality of light sources (310-319) that are arranged to illuminate a user's eye when the eye tracking system is in use; and a controller (325). The controller (325) is configured to: receive a first-image of a surface (333), acquired while the surface (333) is illuminated by a first set of the plurality of light sources; receive a second-image of the surface, acquired while the surface (333) is illuminated by a second set of the plurality of light sources, wherein the second set of light sources is different to the first set of light sources; process the first-image and the second-image to determine an illumination contribution of one or more of the light sources (310-319); and determine light-source-control-signalling (334) for one or more of the light sources (310-319) based on the determined illumination contribution of the one or more of the light sources, wherein the light-source-control-signalling (334) is for setting the intensity of light provided by the respective light sources (310-319) when the eye tracking system (300) is in use.