Eye-Tracking UI Selection Using Dual Targeting Criteria

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing eye tracking-based selection of user interface elements is prone to inadvertent or false positive selections, especially when multiple UI elements are proximate to each other, due to noise and inaccuracy in eye tracking.

Innovation Solution

Implementing multiple targeting criteria and adjusting selection regions based on eye tracking data, including enlarging or reducing selection regions, and applying scanning criteria to enhance accuracy and stability of UI element selection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If eye tracking is used to select UI elements, then selection speed is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to noise and inaccuracy in eye tracking

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveselection speedVSAvoidgaze position accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system changes the temporal parameter by requiring the gaze to be sustained for a threshold duration before triggering selection. This transforms a potentially inaccurate instantaneous gaze measurement into a reliable selection signal by filtering out brief, unintentional glances through time-based parameter adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary validation mechanism between gaze detection and UI element selection. The system uses multiple UI elements with associated selection regions as intermediaries, where the eye tracking system first identifies a region of interest, then validates the selection through additional criteria before final selection occurs, reducing false positives from noisy gaze data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Area of stationary object

If multiple UI elements are displayed proximate to each other, then screen space utilization is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to increased likelihood of inadvertent selection

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvescreen space utilizationVSAvoidselection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies different selection region sizes to different UI elements based on their local context. When multiple UI elements are proximate to each other, the system adjusts the selection regions to ensure adequate separation, giving each element appropriate local properties that prevent inadvertent selection while maintaining efficient screen space utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback by continuously monitoring gaze position and providing visual indication of the currently targeted UI element. This feedback loop allows users to verify their intended selection before final selection occurs, reducing inadvertent selections when multiple elements are displayed proximately by making the system's interpretation of user intent transparent and correctable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Ease of operation

If selection regions are enlarged to compensate for eye tracking inaccuracy, then ease of operation is improved, but manufacturing precision deteriorates as selection regions may overlap or extend beyond UI elements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveselection easeVSAvoidselection region boundaries
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts selection region boundaries based on real-time gaze position and contextual factors. Rather than using fixed, overly large selection regions that would overlap with adjacent UI elements, the system adapts the selection region size and position to provide adequate margin for error while preventing overlap, balancing ease of operation with precise selection boundaries.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the spatial parameters of selection regions based on the specific UI layout and element proximity. When UI elements are close together, the system reduces selection region size or adjusts positioning to prevent overlap, whereas for isolated elements, larger selection regions are permitted. This parameter adaptation maintains ease of operation without compromising selection precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4254143B1Eye tracking based selection of a user interface element based on targeting criteria
Publication Date: 2025.11.12 APPLE INC
  • EP4254143B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4254143B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4254143B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A method is performed at an electronic device with one or more processors, a non-transitory memory, an eye tracker, and a display. The eye tracker receives eye tracking data associated with one or more eyes of a user of the electronic device. The method includes displaying, on the display, a first user interface (UI) element that is associated with a first selection region and a second selection region. While displaying the first UI element, the method includes determining, based on the eye tracking data, that a first targeting criterion is satisfied with respect to the first selection region, and determining, based on the eye tracking data, that a second targeting criterion is satisfied with respect to the second selection region. The method includes selecting the first UI element based at least in part on determining that the first targeting criterion is satisfied and the second targeting criterion is satisfied.