Eyeball Direction Control for Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current optical measurement technologies for eyeballs face challenges in non-invasively measuring glucose concentration in the aqueous humor without directly illuminating the retina, which requires precise alignment and control to avoid unintended light exposure.
Innovation Solution
An optical measurement apparatus comprising a light emitter, receiver, detector, and controller that adjusts light intensity based on the direction of the eyeball to ensure the light path crosses the anterior chamber without directly reaching the retina, using a polarizer, compensator, and analyzer to measure optical rotation caused by optically active substances in the aqueous humor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If light is emitted to measure glucose concentration in the aqueous humor, then measurement precision is improved, but the risk of retinal illumination and harmful effects increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic control of light emission based on real-time detection of eyeball direction. The controller continuously monitors the eyeball orientation and dynamically adjusts whether to emit measurement light, ensuring light is only emitted when the eyeball is in the correct orientation range. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction by enabling precise measurement only when safe conditions are met.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs a feedback mechanism where the detector continuously monitors eyeball direction and provides information to the controller. Based on this feedback, the controller decides whether to activate the light emitter for measurement. This closed-loop feedback system ensures that measurement precision is achieved only when the eyeball orientation confirms safe light path conditions, preventing retinal illumination.
2Measurement precision
If the light emitter increases light intensity to the intensity used in measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but the harmful effects on the eyeball increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system takes preliminary anti-action by detecting eyeball direction before emitting measurement light. The detector assesses whether the eyeball is in the correct orientation range prior to light emission. Only when the orientation is confirmed safe does the controller permit light emission at measurement intensity, thereby preventing harmful effects before they can occur.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary action by pre-checking eyeball orientation using the detector before activating the light emitter for measurement. This preliminary verification ensures that the subsequent measurement light emission will follow a safe path through the anterior chamber without reaching the retina, allowing high-intensity measurement light to be used safely.
3Reliability
If the light path is controlled to cross the anterior chamber without reaching the retina, then safety is improved, but the complexity of alignment and control increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary detection system that monitors eyeball orientation as a mediator between the light emitter and the retina. This intermediary detector provides real-time information about eyeball position, enabling the controller to adjust light emission accordingly. This intermediary mechanism simplifies the overall control by providing direct feedback on eyeball orientation without requiring complex predictive models.
4Reliability
If the detector continuously monitors eyeball direction, then safety control is improved, but the energy consumption and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements periodic monitoring of eyeball direction rather than continuous monitoring. The detector checks eyeball orientation at regular intervals or at key moments before and during measurement phases. This periodic action maintains reliable safety control while significantly reducing energy consumption compared to continuous monitoring.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables non-invasive, precise measurement of glucose concentration in the aqueous humor by controlling light intensity and path to avoid retinal illumination, providing a safe and effective method for diabetes patients.
Implementation Method 1
The light emitter emits light such that the light passes across an eyeball of a subject
Implementation Method 2
using a polarizer, compensator, and analyzer to measure optical rotation caused by optically active substances in the aqueous humor
Data Source
AI summary
An optical measurement apparatus for an eyeball includes a light emitter, a light receiver, a detector, and a controller. The light emitter emits light such that the light passes across an eyeball of a subject. The light receiver receives the light that has transmitted through the eyeball. The detector detects a direction of the eyeball. The controller performs control such that the light emitter starts emitting light having an intensity used in measurement or the light emitter increases an intensity of light emitted by the light emitter to the intensity used in measurement in a case where the direction of the eyeball detected by the detector is in a predetermined range.