F4+ E. coli Strain for Animal Growth Promotion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for promoting animal growth, such as antibiotic growth promoters, lead to antibiotic resistance and heterogeneity in growth rates among animals, posing economic and health challenges, while also contaminating the environment.

Innovation Solution

The use of a non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strain expressing the F4 attachment factor is employed to promote growth and homogenize growth rates among animals, eliminating the need for antibiotics and heavy metals in animal feed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If antibiotic growth promoters are used in animal feed, then growth rates are improved, but antibiotic resistance develops and environmental contamination occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrowth rateVSAvoidantibiotic resistance and environmental contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactococcus lactis, or Enterococcus faecium) as intermediary organisms to mediate the growth promotion effect. These probiotics compete with pathogenic bacteria, produce beneficial metabolites, and stimulate the animal's immune system, thereby promoting growth without using antibiotics. This intermediary approach eliminates antibiotic resistance and environmental contamination while maintaining growth promotion benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter from chemical growth promoters (antibiotics) to biological growth promoters (probiotics). This parameter change involves using live bacterial cultures with specific physiological properties rather than chemical substances, thereby achieving growth promotion through biological mechanisms such as competitive exclusion, enzyme production, and immune modulation, which do not lead to resistance or contamination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If heavy metals such as zinc oxide are added to feed, then growth is promoted, but soil contamination and health issues occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrowth promotionVSAvoidsoil contamination and health issues
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces heavy metal additives with probiotic bacteria as intermediary organisms that naturally occur in the animal's digestive system. These probiotics act as living catalysts that improve nutrient absorption, reduce inflammation, and enhance overall gut health, thereby promoting growth without introducing toxic substances into the environment or animal tissues.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the concept of using harmful substances (heavy metals) into using beneficial living organisms (probiotics). Instead of adding toxic elements that accumulate in the environment, the patent introduces beneficial bacteria that improve animal health through natural biological processes, thereby converting a harmful approach into a beneficial one.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Reliability

If antibiotics are used to prevent diseases, then animal health is improved, but antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains are selected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisease preventionVSAvoidantibiotic-resistant bacterial strains
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses probiotic bacteria as intermediary organisms that provide disease prevention through multiple mechanisms: competitive exclusion of pathogenic bacteria, production of antimicrobial substances (bacteriocins, organic acids), stimulation of the animal's immune system, and maintenance of gut barrier integrity. This biological approach prevents disease without selecting for antibiotic resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables the animal's digestive system to serve itself by introducing probiotics that colonize the gut and provide ongoing protection against diseases. These probiotics establish a sustainable protective mechanism within the animal's own microbiome, reducing the need for external antibiotic interventions and allowing the animal's immune system to develop naturally.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances growth rates and homogeneity without the drawbacks of antibiotic resistance or environmental contamination, improving feed efficiency and reducing health issues while maintaining animal health.

Implementation Method 1

use of an effective amount of an F4+ non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strain to promote growth in an animal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectColonization:

Implementation Method 2

Infections caused by either non-hygienic conditions or close proximity between animals, for example, are among the most common factors leading to the above-mentioned caveat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompetitive exclusion:

Data Source

PatentUS7981411B2Use of live bacteria for growth promotion in animals
Publication Date: 2011.07.19 ELANCO CANADA LTD
  • US7981411B2 patent drawing
  • US7981411B2 patent drawing
  • US7981411B2 patent drawing

AI summary

The present invention relates to the use of F4+ non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains to promote growth in an animal. The present invention also relates to the use of such strains to homogenize growth among a herd of animals. More specifically, the animal(s) of interest in the present invention are those wherein growth promotion or growth homogenization are desired goals, such as animals reared for meat production. The present invention further relates to a method for promoting growth of an animal as well as a method for homogenizing growth among a herd of animals.