Fabry-Perot Spectrometer Calibration Using Narrowband and Broadband Light

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current spectrometer calibration methods are inefficient, particularly with narrowband calibration being time-consuming and providing only approximate results, while broadband calibration is faster but less accurate, and there is a need for a method to accurately calibrate spectrometers for fast spectral analysis at high resolution.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a Fabry-Perot interferometer with adjustable mirror gap, using both narrowband and broadband calibration lights to determine calibration parameters, where the mirror gap is adjusted to match spectral sensitivities of detector pixels, allowing for simultaneous measurement of spectral intensities at multiple wavelengths, and the calibration parameters are refined using broadband light for improved accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If narrowband calibration light is used for spectrometer calibration, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases due to the time-consuming scanning process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration accuracyVSAvoidcalibration time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by performing a broadband calibration first to establish initial calibration parameters, and then performing narrowband calibration only at selected wavelengths to refine specific parameters. This staged approach prepares the system in advance with coarse calibration, reducing the time needed for subsequent precise calibration while maintaining accuracy where needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by applying narrowband calibration selectively at specific wavelengths where high precision is required, rather than uniformly across the entire spectrum. The calibration parameters are determined locally at selected wavelengths and then interpolated to other wavelengths, providing high measurement precision only where necessary and reducing overall calibration time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If broadband calibration light is used for spectrometer calibration, then productivity is improved due to faster calibration, but measurement precision deteriorates as it provides only approximate results

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration speedVSAvoidcalibration accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the calibration process into two distinct stages: broadband calibration to determine initial parameters quickly, and narrowband calibration to refine specific parameters for accuracy. This segmentation allows the system to benefit from both fast broadband calibration and precise narrowband calibration without combining them into a single time-consuming process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies parameter changes by using different calibration light sources (broadband vs. narrowband) with different spectral characteristics to determine different sets of calibration parameters. The broadband light provides initial parameter estimates, while narrowband light refines specific parameters, and the system dynamically switches between calibration modes based on the required precision and speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If the mirror gap is adjusted to match spectral sensitivities of detector pixels, then measurement precision is improved for simultaneous spectral analysis, but device complexity increases due to additional adjustment mechanisms

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral resolutionVSAvoidinterferometer adjustment mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the mirror gap adjustable rather than fixed, allowing the interferometer to be dynamically tuned to match the spectral sensitivities of the detector pixels. This dynamic adjustment enables the system to optimize spectral resolution for different operating conditions while maintaining a relatively simple overall device structure through controlled adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables rapid and accurate spectral analysis with high resolution by calibrating the spectrometer to match spectral sensitivities of detector pixels, improving the accuracy of spectral intensity measurements and reducing the need for frequent recalibration.

Implementation Method 1

a Fabry-Perot interferometer, and an image sensor. The Fabry-Perot interferometer comprises a first semi-transparent mirror and a second semi-transparent mirror, which are arranged to form an optical cavity. The Fabry-Perot interferometer may provide two or more transmission peaks.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFabry-Perot interferometer: Fabry-Perot Interferometer

Implementation Method 2

The Fabry-Perot interferometer comprises a first semi-transparent mirror and a second semi-transparent mirror, which are arranged to form an optical cavity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInterference: Interference

Implementation Method 3

The distance between mirrors may be adjusted e.g. by using a piezoelectric actuator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 4

Spectral components transmitted at different transmission peaks of the interferometer may be discriminated by using at least two types of detector pixels, which have maximum sensitivities at different wavelengths

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric effect: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2720014B1A method for determining calibration parameters for a spectrometer
Publication Date: 2015.05.13 TEKNOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS VTT OY
  • EP2720014B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2720014B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2d
  • EP2720014B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

An imaging spectrometer (500) comprises a Fabry-Perot interferometer (100) and an image sensor (200) having color-sensitive pixels. The interferometer (100) has a first transmission peak (PEAK1) and a second transmission peak (PEAK2). A method calibrating the spectrometer (500) comprises: - providing first calibration light (LB11), which has a narrow spectral peak (MPEAK), - obtaining first detector signal values (SR, SG) from the image sensor (200) by coupling the first calibration light (LB11) into the spectrometer (500) when the reference spectral peak (MPEAK) is near a first spectral position (λ0), - obtaining second detector signal values (SR, SG) from the image sensor (200) by coupling the first calibration light (LB11) into the spectrometer (500) when the reference spectral peak (MPEAK) is near a second spectral position (λ1), - providing second calibration light (LB20), which has a broad bandwidth, and - obtaining third detector signal values (SR, SG) from the image sensor (200) by coupling the second calibration light (LB20) into the spectrometer (500).