Fallback Procedures for Two-Step Random Access

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wireless communication systems face inefficiencies in two-step random access procedures due to potential message collisions and reliability issues, particularly in shared radio frequency spectrum bands, leading to delays and inefficient resource utilization.

Innovation Solution

A fallback procedure is implemented where user equipment (UE) transitions from a two-step random access procedure to a four-step procedure if the random access response message is not received within a specified timer, involving repetitions of the random access message with incremental power increases and new preamble sequences, ensuring successful message transmission.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a two-step random access procedure is used to reduce handshake messages, then latency is reduced and productivity is improved, but reliability of data payload transmission deteriorates due to potential message collisions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverandom access speedVSAvoiddata payload transmission reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the random access procedure into two distinct paths: a two-step procedure for latency-critical transmissions and a four-step procedure for reliability-critical transmissions. The system divides the random access resource pool into separate pools for each procedure type, allowing UEs to select the appropriate procedure based on transmission requirements, thus resolving the contradiction between speed and reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces dynamic selection mechanisms where UEs can adaptively choose between two-step and four-step procedures based on channel conditions, transmission priority, and buffer status. The network can also dynamically adjust the configuration of random access resources and trigger conditions, enabling the system to optimize the balance between productivity and reliability in real-time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If fallback procedures are implemented to improve reliability, then data payload transmission reliability is improved, but device complexity and procedure complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverandom access transmission reliabilityVSAvoidfallback procedure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent configures fallback procedures in advance through network signaling, pre-defining the conditions and parameters for switching between two-step and four-step procedures. This preliminary configuration reduces runtime decision complexity and simplifies the fallback logic, as UEs only need to follow pre-established rules rather than making complex real-time decisions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the network monitors the success of random access attempts and provides feedback to UEs about whether to continue with the current procedure or switch to the fallback procedure. This feedback-driven approach simplifies device complexity by providing clear, explicit instructions rather than requiring complex autonomous decision-making

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Productivity

If random access response timing is strictly synchronized to ensure procedure efficiency, then productivity is improved, but the system becomes more sensitive to timing errors and message collisions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel access efficiencyVSAvoidmessage collision sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the random access response resources into separate pools for two-step and four-step procedures, with distinct timing configurations for each. This segmentation allows the system to maintain tight synchronization for two-step procedures (improving productivity) while using more flexible timing for four-step procedures (reducing collision sensitivity), thus resolving the contradiction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces configurable timing parameters such as response window durations, timing offsets, and synchronization tolerances that can be adjusted based on channel conditions and traffic characteristics. By dynamically changing these parameters, the system can optimize the balance between productivity and collision sensitivity in different operating scenarios

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3922076B1Fallback procedures for two-step random access procedures
Publication Date: 2025.03.19 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3922076B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3922076B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3922076B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Fallback procedures for user equipments (UEs) described provide efficient fallback to a four-step random access procedure from a two-step random access procedure. For example, after transmitting a first message of a two-step random access procedure, a UE may start a fallback timer or counter and monitor for a second message of the two-step random access procedure for the duration of the fallback timer or counter. At the expiration of the fallback timer or counter, the UE may fall back to a four-step random access procedure. In some cases, the UE may transmit multiple repetitions of the first message and monitor for responses after transmitting the repetitions or after each repetition. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may transmit an explicit signal to the UE that may signal to the UE to perform a fallback procedure at a beginning or middle of a random access procedure.