Removing Fan Blade Leading Edge Shields With Pressurized Water Jets

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for removing metal attack edges from composite material blades in turbomachines often damage the fibers of the composite material, and require complex and costly machining processes.

Innovation Solution

A process using a high-pressure water jet to remove the metal attack edge shield from the blower dawn, where the thickness of the shield is determined through ultrasound and the water jet is adjusted accordingly to minimize damage to the composite material.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of repair

If mechanical or thermomechanical tearing is used to remove the metal leading edge, then the leading edge can be removed from the blade, but the fibers of the composite material of the blade are damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveleading edge removalVSAvoidblade fiber integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical tearing and conventional machining methods with a pressurized water jet system. The water jet, equipped with specialized nozzles and controlled pressure (100-1000 bars), removes the metal leading edge through hydraulic pressure and erosion without mechanical contact that would damage the composite blade fibers. This substitution of mechanical removal systems with a hydraulic system resolves the contradiction by enabling leading edge removal while preserving blade integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces water as an intermediary medium between the removal tool and the metal leading edge. The pressurized water jet acts as a mediator that transfers energy to remove the metal shield without direct mechanical contact with the composite blade. The water jet serves as a non-contact intermediary that enables material removal while protecting the underlying blade structure from damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of repair

If conventional machining solutions are used to remove the leading edge, then the leading edge can be removed, but complex devices and computer tools are required due to the awkward shape of the blade surface

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveleading edge removalVSAvoidmachining device complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex mechanical machining devices with a pressurized water jet system. The water jet, delivered through relatively simple nozzles that can be manually or robotically positioned, eliminates the need for complex computer-controlled machining centers, multi-axis tooling, and sophisticated fixtures required for conventional machining of the complex blade geometry. This substitution dramatically reduces device complexity while maintaining removal effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a hydraulic system (pressurized water jet) to achieve material removal that would otherwise require complex mechanical machining equipment. The water jet system uses hydraulic pressure and flow dynamics to access and remove material from complex geometries without requiring the complex mechanical tooling and positioning systems needed for conventional machining of awkward-shaped blade surfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Ease of manufacture

If high pressure water jet is used to remove the leading edge shield, then the material removal process is simplified and blade damage is minimized, but the thickness of the shield must be determined beforehand

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial removal process simplicityVSAvoidshield thickness measurement
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary thickness measurement of the metal leading edge shield using ultrasonic testing or other non-contact methods before initiating the water jet removal process. This preliminary action provides the necessary information to calculate the appropriate water jet pressure and duration parameters, enabling the simplified removal process to proceed effectively. The measurement step, while requiring equipment, is a one-time preparation that enables subsequent straightforward execution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the measured thickness data is used to adjust and optimize the water jet parameters (pressure, flow rate, duration) for the removal process. This feedback loop ensures that the removal process is tailored to the specific shield thickness, maintaining process simplicity and effectiveness while adapting to variations in shield geometry and material properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The process effectively removes the metal attack edge without damaging the composite material, simplifies the material removal process for complex shapes, and reduces the risk of degrading the blower dawn material.

Implementation Method 1

Removing the leading edge shield by means of a pressurized water jet moving over the leading edge shield as a function of the thicknesses determined in the determining step

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHigh-pressure water jet erosion: Jet Erosion

Implementation Method 2

Determining the thicknesses of the leading edge shield as a function of the position on the leading edge shield

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUltrasonic measurement: Ultrasound

Data Source

PatentEP4062032B1Method of removing a leading edge shield attached to a fan blade and an assembly comprising a fan blade, a leading edge shield attached to the fan blade, and a shield removal device
Publication Date: 2025.04.23 SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES SAS
  • EP4062032B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4062032B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4062032B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

Disclosed is a method for removing a leading edge (5) attached to a fan blade (4), the fan blade (4) comprising a first material, and the leading edge (5) comprising a second material different from the first material, the method comprising the steps of determining thicknesses of the leading edge (5) as a function of the position on the leading edge (5), and of removing the leading edge (5) by means of a pressurised water jet (J) moving over the leading-edge (5) according to the thicknesses determined in the determination step.