Fan Variable Area Nozzle Position Measurement Using Remote Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gas turbine engines with fixed geometry fan nozzles face challenges in optimizing performance across different flight conditions, particularly due to the complexity and weight of mechanisms used in variable area nozzles for determining nozzle position, especially in asymmetric operations.

Innovation Solution

A lightweight positional measurement system using sensors within the core nacelle to remotely measure the position of fan variable area nozzle flaps through signals like optical, microwave, or laser waves, allowing for efficient determination of nozzle position and control during symmetrical and asymmetrical thrust vectoring operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional linkage mechanisms with linear variable displacement transducers are used to determine fan variable area nozzle position, then position measurement is achieved, but the system becomes complicated and heavy in weight

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle position measurementVSAvoidlinkage mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical linkage system with electromagnetic fields. Transceivers transmit electromagnetic signals that reflect off the nozzle flaps to determine position, eliminating the need for physical linkages and linear variable displacement transducers. This substitution reduces mechanical complexity while maintaining measurement capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the measurement function from the mechanical linkage system. By using electromagnetic signals to sense flap position independently, the system separates the measurement function from the actuation mechanism, allowing the linkage to be simplified or removed entirely.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Measurement precision

If conventional linkage mechanisms with linear variable displacement transducers are used to determine fan variable area nozzle position, then position measurement is achieved, but the system weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle position measurementVSAvoidposition determination system weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces heavy mechanical components (linkages, transducers) with lightweight electromagnetic sensing systems. The transceivers use electromagnetic fields to sense flap position without requiring physical connection to the moving nozzle components, significantly reducing system weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the measurement function from the mechanical structure, allowing the position determination system to be implemented with minimal added weight. The electromagnetic sensing system requires only small transceiver units rather than heavy mechanical linkages.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Device complexity

If fixed geometry fan nozzles are used, then structural simplicity is maintained, but engine performance cannot be optimized across different flight conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle structure simplicityVSAvoidperformance optimization across flight conditions
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic nozzle system where flaps can change position to vary the exit area. The nozzle transitions from a fixed geometry structure to a dynamically adjustable structure that can adapt its configuration based on flight conditions, enabling performance optimization while maintaining reasonable structural complexity through the use of actuators and sensing systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides an effective and lightweight method for determining the position of fan variable area nozzles, enabling optimized engine performance across various flight conditions while reducing mechanical complexity and weight, thereby enhancing thrust efficiency and fuel economy.

Implementation Method 1

a sensor system located within the core nacelle to remotely measure the position of each flap or set of flaps through a transmitted signal such as an optical, microwave, radio wave, laser or other signal which reflects off of the flap or set of flaps

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP2069631B1Fan variable area nozzle positional measurement system
Publication Date: 2010.12.15 UNITED TECH CORP
  • EP2069631B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2069631B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP2069631B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

A positional measurement system for a fan variable area nozzle (FVAN) remotely determines the position of each flap or set of flaps relative a core nacelle. The positional measurement system includes a sensor system with a multiple of transceivers located within the core nacelle to remotely measure the position of each flap or set of flaps without the heretofore necessity of moving measurement components.