Fast Charging Circuit with Dynamic Bypass Path
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fast charging circuits face inefficiencies due to increased power loss and potential overheating from high charging currents, which reduce charging efficiency and may cause electronic devices to overheat.
Innovation Solution
A fast charging circuit design incorporating a switching charger and a bypass charging circuit, where the first switch is turned on when the battery voltage is low and the second switch is turned on when the voltage is high, allowing the battery to receive power through the bypass circuit with lower impedance, thereby minimizing power loss and enhancing efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the charging current is increased to charge the battery faster, then the charging speed is improved, but the power loss caused by circuit elements increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic switching between two charging paths based on battery voltage levels. When battery voltage is low, the first charging path is used; when battery voltage reaches threshold voltage, the second charging path with lower impedance is activated. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to achieve fast charging with reduced power loss at appropriate voltage levels.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the impedance parameter of the charging circuit by switching between different paths. The second charging path is designed with lower impedance than the first path, allowing higher current flow with reduced power loss when the battery voltage is sufficient. This parameter change enables fast charging while minimizing energy loss.
2Productivity
If the charging current is increased to charge the battery faster, then the charging speed is improved, but the battery temperature increases causing overheating
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches charging paths based on real-time battery voltage monitoring. By activating the second charging path only when threshold voltage is reached, the system enables fast charging with higher current while avoiding excessive temperature rise that would occur if high current were applied throughout the entire charging process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates voltage detection and control mechanisms that monitor battery voltage and provide feedback to the switching control. This feedback system ensures that high current charging is only activated when the battery voltage is sufficient, preventing overheating while maintaining fast charging capability.
3Productivity
If the charging current is increased during the voltage rise phase, then the charging speed is improved, but the charging efficiency decreases due to power loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic path switching that adapts to battery voltage levels. The first charging path is used during the initial voltage buildup phase, and the second charging path with lower impedance is activated when threshold voltage is reached. This dynamic adaptation optimizes charging efficiency by using the appropriate path for each charging stage.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the impedance parameter of the charging circuit based on battery voltage conditions. By switching to the lower impedance second path when voltage is sufficient, the system reduces power loss and improves charging efficiency during the voltage rise phase while maintaining fast charging capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces power loss and improves charging efficiency by providing a higher current with less impedance during fast charging, while protecting the battery from damage and maintaining efficient charging even when high currents are required.
Implementation Method 1
Since circuit elements of a charging circuit have their impedances, an increase of the charging current would result in an increase of power loss caused by the circuit elements
Implementation Method 2
the battery can receive power from a first bypass charging circuit having less impedance in a fast charging process
Data Source
AI summary
A fast charging circuit includes a switching charger and a first bypass charging circuit. The input end of the switching charger receives an input voltage, and the output end of the switching charger is coupled to a battery through a first switch and is coupled to a system terminal. The first bypass charging circuit includes a second switch between its input end and output end. The input end of the first bypass charging circuit receives the input voltage, and the output end of the first bypass charging circuit is coupled to the system terminal through the first switch and is coupled to the battery. When the voltage of the battery is low, the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off, but when the voltage of the battery is high, the second switch and the third switch are turned on.