Fast Reactor Jet Impact Experimental Facility
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current experimental facilities fail to accurately study jet impact characteristics at the core outlet of fast reactors due to insufficient mixing of cold and hot fluids, leading to temperature fluctuations and thermal fatigue in structural components, which threatens structural safety.
Innovation Solution
An experimental system using deionized water to simulate the jet impact process, featuring a jet impact main loop with a heat regenerator, condenser, and bypass loops, allowing flexible regulation of flow and temperature, and incorporating particle image velocimetry for precise data collection, to accurately study jet impact phenomena under large-range temperature differences.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If simplified geometric structures (parallel two jets model, parallel triple jets model, coaxial jet model) are adopted to research temperature fluctuation, then the experimental setup becomes simpler and easier to operate, but the structural difference between the jet impact process and actual fast reactor core outlet structure becomes large, reducing measurement precision and reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the jet impact structure to match actual fast reactor core outlet configurations. The experimental facility uses a multi-branch jet impact structure with specific nozzle arrangements, spacing, and dimensions that replicate the complex geometry of reactor core outlets, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining operational feasibility through systematic parameter optimization
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a scaled-down copy of the actual fast reactor core outlet structure. The experimental facility replicates the essential geometric features, nozzle configurations, and flow path characteristics of the reactor core outlet, allowing accurate study of jet impact phenomena while using simplified materials and smaller dimensions for experimental purposes
2Reliability
If liquid metal is used as the working medium to study jet impact characteristics, then the experimental results directly reflect actual reactor conditions, but the poor light transmittance of liquid metal makes measurement and observation extremely difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (transparent liquid or gas) that optically transmits light, allowing the use of optical measurement techniques such as particle image velocimetry and laser diagnostics. This intermediary medium replicates the thermal-hydraulic behavior of liquid metal while enabling non-intrusive measurement of flow patterns, temperature fields, and jet impact characteristics through transparent observation windows and sensors
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces direct mechanical contact measurement methods with optical and electromagnetic measurement techniques. By using transparent working media, the system enables laser-based velocimetry, thermography, and other non-contact measurement methods to accurately capture flow dynamics and thermal fields without interfering with the jet impact process
3Measurement precision
If complex measurement systems are installed to accurately capture jet impact characteristics, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and experimental loop requirements increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs measurement instruments and sensors that serve multiple functions simultaneously. For example, the measurement system can capture velocity fields, temperature distributions, and pressure variations using integrated sensor arrays that perform multiple measurement tasks through a single coordinated system, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining high measurement precision across multiple parameters
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables detailed research of jet impact phenomena, improving heat utilization and providing precise measurements of flow, temperature, and velocity, thus enhancing the understanding of thermal-hydraulic phenomena relevant to fast reactor design.
Implementation Method 1
a heat regenerator... heating the cold water to high temperature
Implementation Method 2
a condenser... cooling the deionized water
Implementation Method 3
incorporating particle image velocimetry for precise data collection... measurements of flow, temperature, and velocity
Implementation Method 4
heating the deionized water to different temperatures
Data Source
AI summary
An experimental system a method for studying jet impact characteristics at a core outlet of a fast reactor are provided. The system includes a jet impact main loop including a water storage tank, plunger pumps, a filter, preheaters, a jet impact chamber, a heat regenerator, a condenser, valves, flow meters and pipelines connecting these facilities; a cooling loop including cooling tower, a cooling pump, a regulating valve and a flow meter; and a makeup water loop including a deionized water machine, a makeup water tank and a plunger pump. Water in the water storage tank flows to the heat regenerator via the plunger pump, is preliminarily heated by the heat regenerator and then is divided into three branches to flow to the jet impact container.