Fastener Driving Device Pneumatic Piston Return Mechanism

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fastener driving devices often experience incomplete piston return, leading to blank fires or misfires, which cause delays and expose users to risk due to the need for manual reset.

Innovation Solution

A fastener driving device is designed with a pressure chamber, a first piston that drives fasteners, and a second piston within a sleeve that compresses gas to bias the first piston back to its original position, ensuring complete piston return.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a separate source of pressurised gas is used to drive the piston, then the device can operate reliably, but the device complexity increases due to additional gas storage and delivery systems

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiston return reliabilityVSAvoidgas delivery system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the driving gas storage and the return gas storage into a single integrated gas reservoir. The gas reservoir is positioned to supply gas to both the driving chamber (for piston advancement) and the return chamber (for piston return), eliminating the need for separate gas storage systems and reducing overall device complexity while maintaining reliable piston operation in both directions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The gas reservoir serves multiple functions: it stores pressurised gas for driving the piston forward, stores pressurised gas for returning the piston to its initial position, and can be selectively connected to either the driving chamber or the return chamber through valve control. This multi-functional design reduces the number of components needed while ensuring reliable gas supply for both piston movements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Device complexity

If the piston return mechanism is simplified, then the device complexity is reduced, but incomplete piston return occurs leading to blank fires or misfires

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiston return mechanism complexityVSAvoidpiston return completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a pneumatic return mechanism where pressurised gas from the gas reservoir is directed into the return chamber, which is in communication with the driving chamber. The pressurised gas creates a pressure differential that reliably forces the piston back to its initial position, ensuring complete return without requiring complex mechanical spring or cam mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates a valve mechanism that automatically detects when the piston has reached its initial position and switches the gas flow from the driving chamber to the return chamber. This feedback control ensures that the piston is fully returned before the next firing cycle begins, preventing blank fires while maintaining a simple overall mechanism

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Device complexity

If manual reset is required after blank fire or misfire, then device complexity is reduced, but productivity decreases due to operational delays and safety risks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereset mechanism complexityVSAvoidfiring cycle speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements an automatic reset system where the valve mechanism automatically switches between driving and return gas flow based on piston position. After the piston completes its forward stroke and returns to the initial position, the system automatically prepares for the next firing cycle without requiring manual intervention, thereby eliminating operational delays and maintaining simple device architecture

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution ensures complete piston return, reducing the likelihood of blank fires and misfires, thereby improving operational efficiency and user safety by eliminating the need for manual reset.

Implementation Method 1

compressed gas in the sleeve biases the first piston towards the first position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas pressure: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 2

the first piston drives the second piston and compresses gas within the sleeve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas compression: Compression

Implementation Method 3

pressurized gas in the pressure chamber causes the piston to slide from a first position to a second position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas pressure force: Pressure Increase

Data Source

PatentEP4263139B1Fastener driving device
Publication Date: 2025.02.05 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC
  • EP4263139B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4263139B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2c
  • EP4263139B1 patent drawingFigure 2d~2f

AI summary

A fastener driving device (100) comprising a pressure chamber (110), a first piston (128), a fastener channel and a second piston (454). The first piston (128) is coupled to the pressure chamber such that pressurized gas in the pressure chamber causes the first piston to slide from a first position to a second position. The fastener channel is configured to receive a fastener (102), wherein when moving from the first position to the second position the first piston is configured to engage a fastener and drive it from the device. The second piston (454) is slidable within a sleeve (458) and arranged such that when the first piston slides from the first position to the second position the first piston drives the second piston and compresses gas within the sleeve. Compressed gas in the sleeve biases the first piston towards the first position.