Convolutional Interleaving for FEC Codewords Under Burst Errors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing data transmission methods using FEC codes face higher BERs after error correction due to non-random errors, which are not effectively addressed by conventional interleaving techniques, leading to inefficiencies and increased complexity in scenarios with limited bandwidth or phase-locked loop frequency.
Innovation Solution
Implement convolutional interleaving on symbols within FEC codewords, dispersing burst errors across multiple symbols without additional identification information, and utilize codeword boundary information for efficient de-interleaving, suitable for scenarios with limited bandwidth or phase-locked loop frequency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional interleaving techniques are used to address non-random errors, then bit error rate after error correction improves, but system complexity and bandwidth requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the data stream into multiple lanes for parallel transmission, with each lane undergoing independent convolutional interleaving. This segmentation allows the system to handle non-random errors more effectively while distributing the processing complexity across multiple simpler parallel channels rather than requiring a single complex interleaving system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary convolutional interleaving to the data stream before transmission, dispersing potential burst errors across multiple symbols in advance. This preliminary action ensures that when errors occur during transmission, they are already distributed in a manner that facilitates more effective error correction, reducing the complexity of subsequent error handling.
2Measurement precision
If additional identification information is inserted to indicate start interleaving location, then de-interleaving accuracy improves, but data transmission cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service de-interleving by designing the convolutional interleaving process to inherently preserve synchronization information. The interleaver structure itself generates patterns that allow the receiver to automatically determine start positions and maintain synchronization without requiring additional identification bits or overhead, thus achieving accurate de-interleaving while minimizing data transmission cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the convolutional interleaving structure multi-functional by designing it to simultaneously perform error dispersion and synchronization maintenance. The same interleaving operation that disperses burst errors also creates detectable patterns that enable automatic start position identification, eliminating the need for separate identification mechanisms and reducing overall system overhead.
3Reliability
If convolutional interleaving is applied to disperse burst errors, then error correction effectiveness improves, but processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamic convolutional interleving that adapts to the data stream characteristics and error conditions. The interleaving depth and pattern can be adjusted based on the detected error rates and burst characteristics, allowing the system to optimize error correction effectiveness while minimizing processing complexity by using simpler interleaving patterns when conditions permit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements partial convolutional interleving where only critical portions of the data stream receive full interleaving treatment. By identifying and prioritizing segments of the data that are most susceptible to burst errors, the system applies intensive interleving only where necessary, achieving effective error correction while reducing overall processing complexity compared to uniform interleving of the entire data stream.
Data Source
AI summary
In accordance with an embodiment a method includes: performing convolutional interleaving on symbols comprised in a plurality of first codewords, to obtain an interleaving result, wherein the interleaving result comprises n first bit groups, and the first codeword is encoded with a first forward error correction (FEC) code, and encoding bits corresponding to the n first bit groups with a second FEC code, to obtain n second codewords, wherein a quantity of bits corresponding to the each first bit group is equal to a quantity of bits comprised in information bits of each second codeword.