Federated Quantum Computing Architecture for Resource Sharing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Quantum computing faces challenges in generating, storing, and processing physical qubits due to physical, environmental, and cost constraints, requiring a modular approach to share subsystems efficiently and cost-effectively.

Innovation Solution

A federated quantum computing architecture is implemented, comprising geographically separate quantum edge and central modules, with the central module providing specialized equipment for qubit manipulation and storage, and edge modules handling quantum control and user interactions, facilitating interoperability and cost-effective deployment of quantum computing services.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If quantum computing systems are built with complete functionality, then computational capabilities are improved, but physical and environmental constraints make deployment difficult

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecomputational capabilitiesVSAvoidphysical and environmental constraints

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The quantum computing system is divided into separate modules: quantum processing units (QPUs) that perform quantum operations and classical computing units that handle control and data processing. These modules can be deployed independently or combined, allowing the system to overcome physical constraints by distributing components across different locations while maintaining computational functionality.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If specialized quantum equipment is deployed at all locations, then quantum processing capabilities are improved, but cost constraints are violated

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvequantum processing capabilitiesVSAvoiddeployment cost

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs universal quantum modules that can function both as standalone quantum processors and as integrated components within hybrid systems. These modular units can be shared across multiple applications and locations, reducing the need for duplicate specialized equipment and thereby lowering overall deployment costs while maintaining quantum processing capabilities.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Device complexity

If quantum resources are centralized in one location, then system complexity is reduced, but accessibility and scalability are limited

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesystem management complexityVSAvoidaccessibility and scalability

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The quantum computing system implements a nested architecture where quantum processing modules can be embedded within classical computing infrastructure, and multiple quantum modules can be hierarchically organized. This allows centralized management of quantum resources while enabling distributed access points, thereby maintaining low system complexity while improving accessibility and scalability across different locations and applications.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This modular approach enables efficient sharing of quantum resources, reducing costs and overcoming physical and environmental challenges, while allowing for flexible and scalable deployment of quantum computing services.

Implementation Method 1

The teleportation process makes uses of two entangled qubits, known as a Bell pair, situated at respective ones of different locations between which the quantum information is transferred. Whatever happens to a quantum property of one of the entangled qubits, e.g., spin or photonic polarization, influences the quantum property of the other instantaneously, in a predictable manner without regard to their distance of separation.

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectQuantum entanglement:

Implementation Method 2

The creation of such a Bell pair may be facilitated by a photon or photons sent over an optical channel (for example a free-space channel, an optical waveguide such as optical fiber or silicon channels within a chip).

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPhoton transmission:

Implementation Method 3

Unlike a classical bit, which may have a value of either 0 or 1, the qubit may exist in coherent superpositions of its two states, denoted as |0 and |1.

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectQuantum superposition:

Data Source

PatentUS11907804B2Federated quantum computing distributed architecture

Publication Date: 2024.02.20 AT&T INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY I L P

AI summary

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining instructions for implementing a quantum algorithm adapted to obtain a computational result according to a quantum mechanical process. A sequence of quantum operations is generated according to the instructions for implementing the quantum algorithm, wherein the sequence of quantum operations is adapted to physically manipulate a plurality of quantum bits according to the quantum mechanical process. The sequence of quantum operations is provided to a geographically separated quantum central module, via a communication channel, the geographically separated quantum central module implements the quantum mechanical process to obtain a computational result. The computational result is received from the geographically separated quantum central module via the communication channel. Other embodiments are disclosed.