Feed Distribution Device for Flashing Streams in Distillation Columns
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for introducing a flashing feed stream into distillation columns face challenges in efficient distribution and uniform mixing, leading to local velocity peaks and inefficiencies, particularly due to the need for large pipes or high flow velocities, which increase costs and risk erosion.
Innovation Solution
The use of a feed distribution device with critical flow path elements, such as choked flow holes and chimney trays, ensures that the feed stream is maintained in a liquid phase and vaporizes uniformly, reducing local velocity peaks and enhancing mixing of gases from different sections.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the pipe diameter is increased to reduce gas flow velocity, then erosion risk is reduced, but column height and installation cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The feed introduction is segmented into multiple distributed injection points around the column circumference rather than a single central pipe, allowing smaller effective flow paths that maintain lower velocities without requiring larger overall pipe diameter
Solution Approach 2:
A liquid seal or barrier is introduced as an intermediary medium between the gas-liquid mixture and the column interior, allowing the gas phase to be separated and introduced separately, thereby reducing erosion risk without requiring large diameter pipes
2Quantity of substance
If pressure reduction is applied upstream to prevent flashing, then gas fraction is reduced, but valve design and piping complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention controls and manages the phase transition (flashing) process by allowing it to occur in a controlled manner at the injection point rather than preventing it upstream, eliminating the need for complex pressure control valves and associated piping
Solution Approach 2:
The feed is prepared and pre-heated upstream to reach the desired temperature before introduction, so that flashing occurs predictably and uniformly at the injection point without requiring complex downstream pressure control
3Adaptability or versatility
If feed is introduced as gas-liquid mixture, then flashing is accommodated, but uniform distribution and mixing become difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The feed stream is segmented into multiple separate injection streams introduced at different locations around the column, ensuring uniform spatial distribution and preventing local accumulation or velocity peaks
Solution Approach 2:
The injection parameters (temperature, pressure, flow rate) are optimized and controlled to ensure that flashing occurs uniformly across all injection points, maintaining consistent composition and distribution throughout the column cross-section
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for more even distribution and mixing of gases, reducing operational and maintenance costs by minimizing pipe size requirements and preventing erosion, while maintaining the feed stream in a liquid phase to enhance column efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
Flashing is a common phenomenon in distillation columns where at least a portion of a feed stream changes phases when reduced to the prevailing pressure inside the column
Implementation Method 2
The use of a feed distribution device with critical flow path elements, such as choked flow holes and chimney trays, ensures that the feed stream is maintained in a liquid phase and vaporizes uniformly
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
The present invention relates to a feed distribution device in separation columns and a method of operation. In particular it relates to distillation columns in which the feed stream is substantially liquid phase, or a mixture of gas and liquid upstream of the column, but where the feed vaporizes or vaporizes more when it enters the column. More specifically, the feed distribution device contains a plurality of opening which allow the feed to vaporize inside the column and where the openings are maintained in critical condition during operation. Significant advantage is achieved through the implementation and use of the present feed distribution device.