Patient-Specific Femoral Guide for Precise Neck Resection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for preparing the femoral bone for implants lack precision and accuracy in aligning and resecting the femoral neck, leading to potential complications and suboptimal fit of implants.
Innovation Solution
A patient-specific femoral guide with a three-dimensional bone-engaging surface, combined with an alignment member and cutting tool system, is used to guide precise resection of the femoral neck based on preoperative plans derived from three-dimensional image models, ensuring accurate alignment and positioning of cutting tools.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional methods are used for preparing the femoral bone for implants, then the surgical procedure can be performed, but precision and accuracy in aligning and resecting the femoral neck are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by creating a patient-specific femoral guide before the surgical procedure based on preoperative imaging and planning. The guide is custom-designed to match the patient's unique anatomy and planned resection requirements, allowing precise alignment and positioning to be established in advance, thereby improving precision and reducing complications during the actual surgery.
Solution Approach 2:
The femoral guide serves as an intermediary tool between the surgical planning phase and the actual resection procedure. It translates the virtual preoperative plan into a physical guide that directly contacts the femoral bone, providing real-time mechanical guidance for accurate alignment and resection, thus bridging the gap between planning and execution.
2Manufacturing precision
If a patient-specific three-dimensional bone-engaging surface is used, then precision in preparing the femoral bone is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The femoral guide system is segmented into distinct functional components: a patient-specific three-dimensional bone-engaging surface for anatomical contact, a planar guide surface for resection guidance, and an alignment member for tool positioning. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently while simplifying the overall manufacturing and surgical application process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a copy of the patient's femoral anatomy derived from preoperative imaging (CT scans, X-rays, or MRI) to create the custom three-dimensional bone-engaging surface. This digital copy is then translated into a physical guide structure that replicates the patient's unique bone geometry, enabling precise fit without requiring complex real-time measurement systems.
3Measurement precision
If conventional alignment methods are used, then the surgical procedure can be completed, but accuracy in positioning cutting tools is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The alignment member and femoral guide system are designed to automatically establish accurate positioning through their geometric relationship with the bone anatomy. The planar guide and alignment member work together to self-align the cutting tool relative to the femoral neck resection plane, eliminating the need for complex manual measurement and alignment procedures by the surgeon.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional two-dimensional alignment methods to a three-dimensional positioning system. The three-dimensional bone-engaging surface and planar guide create a spatial framework that defines the cutting plane and tool orientation in multiple dimensions, providing more comprehensive and accurate positioning control than traditional single-plane alignment methods.
Data Source
AI summary
A medical device for preparing an elongated bone, such as a proximal femoral bone, for receiving an implant includes a patient-specific femoral guide and an elongated alignment element. The femoral guide has a patient-specific three-dimensional bone-engaging surface configured according to a preoperative plan based on a three-dimensional image model of the femoral bone to mate complementarily with the surface of the proximal femoral bone extending between the greater trochanter, the femoral neck and the femoral shaft of the proximal femur. The femoral guide includes a first guide end forming a planar guide configured for guiding a neck resection. The alignment member can be removably attached to the femoral guide and defines a reference axis for guiding a cutting tool into the femoral bone through a resected surface of the femoral neck.