Femoral Neck Resection Guide for Hip Replacement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional hip replacement procedures face challenges in accurately resecting the femoral neck, leading to potential incorrect seating of implants and adverse effects on leg length, due to the lack of precise guidance for neck resection.
Innovation Solution
A surgical kit that includes a mounting portion with guide holes for inserting pins into the femoral head and a resection guide with corresponding guide holes, allowing for the indication of correct resection planes relative to the femoral head center, enabling controlled resection with adjustable positions for different implant geometries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional freehand neck resection is performed, then the procedure is simpler and faster, but the precision of resection positioning deteriorates leading to incorrect implant seating and leg length issues
Solution Approach 1:
The guidance system is divided into separate functional components: a guide pin inserted into the femoral head, a guide carrier mounted on the guide pin, and a cutting guide attached to the guide carrier. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function independently while working together to achieve precise resection positioning.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide pin acts as an intermediary element that transfers the reference point from the femoral head center to the cutting guide. The guide carrier serves as another intermediary that positions the cutting guide at the correct height and angle. These intermediary components enable precise positioning without requiring direct complex measurements during the cutting process.
2Reliability
If preoperative planning is used for leg length restoration, then planning accuracy is improved, but intraoperative control of resection positioning may still deteriorate without surgical guidance
Solution Approach 1:
The guide pin is inserted and the guide carrier is positioned before the actual cutting begins. The cutting guide is pre-configured with the correct cutting angle and height references. This preliminary setup ensures that when the cutting occurs, the correct resection level is automatically achieved without requiring complex real-time measurements or adjustments.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces complex mechanical measurement and calculation processes with a simplified geometric reference system. By using the guide pin aligned with the femoral head center and the guide carrier with predetermined cutting angles, the system substitutes intricate intraoperative measurements with pre-established geometric relationships that automatically ensure correct positioning.
3Manufacturing precision
If guide pins and guide carriers are used for precise resection, then resection accuracy is improved, but the number of instruments and procedure complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The guide pin, guide carrier, and cutting guide are merged into a single integrated guidance assembly that functions as one cohesive unit. The guide pin inserts into the femoral head, the guide carrier mounts on the pin, and the cutting guide attaches to the carrier, creating a unified system that simplifies operation compared to using separate instruments for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide pin serves multiple functions: it provides a reference point for insertion, supports the guide carrier, and establishes the angular orientation for the cutting guide. The guide carrier similarly serves multiple purposes by positioning the cutting guide and providing height references. This multi-functionality reduces the total number of instruments needed while maintaining precision.
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 1C
Figure 2
AI summary
A surgical kit and method for performing a controlled resection of the neck of a femur during a hip replacement procedure. The kit includes a mounting portion. The mounting portion includes guide holes for inserting guide pins into the femoral head while the mounting portion is located on an anterior aspect of the femoral head. The kit also includes a body portion connected to the mounting portion. The body portion includes an opening for mounting the body portion on an intramedullary pin. The kit also includes a resection guide including guide holes having the same layout as the guide holes of the mounting portion, to allow the resection guide to be mounted on the anterior aspect of the femoral head with the guide pins inserted into the femoral head for positioning a resection plane indicator of the resection guide with respect to the neck of the femur.