Patient-Specific Femoral Version Guide for Hip Arthroplasty
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current femoral hip arthroplasty procedures face challenges in accurately aligning and resecting the femoral neck due to variability in patient anatomy, leading to potential mismatches in femoral and acetabular versions during total hip replacement, which can affect the optimal fit and stability of implants.
Innovation Solution
A patient-specific guide is designed preoperatively using three-dimensional digital images of the patient's hip joint, featuring a contact surface that matches the medial portion of the femoral bone and a scale for indicating the preoperatively planned femoral version, along with a version assembly and broach to measure and adjust the actual femoral version angle intraoperatively, ensuring precise alignment and adjustment of the acetabular version.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional femoral hip arthroplasty procedures are used, then the surgical procedure can be performed with standard tools, but accurate alignment and resection of the femoral neck cannot be achieved due to variability in patient anatomy
Solution Approach 1:
The guide is designed preoperatively based on three-dimensional digital images of the patient's hip joint, with the contact surface preoperatively configured as a negative surface of the medial portion of the proximal femoral bone. This preliminary customization allows the guide to be specifically adapted to each patient's unique anatomy before surgery, resolving the contradiction between using standard tools and achieving precise alignment in variable anatomical conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide features a contact surface specifically configured to match the medial portion of the proximal femoral bone, and a planar surface configured for guiding resection of the femoral neck. This localized customization at specific anatomical regions enables precise alignment and resection while maintaining the overall structure as a single integrated guide.
2Measurement precision
If standard surgical guides are used, then the device complexity is low, but measurement precision of femoral version angle is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The guide combines multiple functions into a single integrated structure: the contact surface for registration to the femoral bone, the planar surface for guiding resection, the scale for indicating preoperatively planned femoral version, and the pointer element for indicating actual femoral version. This merging of multiple measurement and guidance functions into one device achieves precise measurement without requiring multiple separate instruments.
Solution Approach 2:
The contact surface is configured as a negative surface of the medial portion of the proximal femoral bone, creating a complementary fit that copies the patient's unique anatomy. This allows the guide to accurately register to each patient's specific bone geometry, enabling precise measurement of femoral version angle that would not be possible with generic guides.
3Manufacturing precision
If preoperative planning with digital images is performed, then manufacturing precision of the guide is improved, but loss of time in preoperative preparation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The guide is designed using three-dimensional digital images of the patient's hip joint reconstructed from medical scans (MRI, CT, X-ray) using computer-aided design software. This digital modeling approach replaces time-consuming manual measurement and drafting processes, allowing precise customization of the guide to each patient's anatomy while reducing overall preparation time through automated design and manufacturing processes.
Data Source
AI summary
An orthopedic device includes a monolithic patient-specific guide. The patient-specific guide includes a three-dimensional contact surface preoperatively configured from medical scans of a specific patient as a negative surface of a medial portion of a proximal femoral bone of the patient according to a preoperative surgical plan for the patient. The guide also includes a proximal planar surface configured for guiding a resection of a femoral neck of the patient, and a scale formed on the planar surface. The scale is configured for indicating a preoperatively planned femoral version of a femoral stem implant and deviations therefrom.