Bidirectional Conversion Apparatus for Femtocell Signal Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional femtocell systems face challenges in synchronization, security, interference, and mobility management, especially when dealing with multiple coexisting cellular protocols, and do not account for reconfigurability issues, particularly in the distribution of wireless signals over cable infrastructures.
Innovation Solution
A bidirectional conversion apparatus that connects to both high-frequency radio environments and low-frequency electrical conductor-based transmission lines, enabling frequency conversion and remote control to manage signal transmission and reception, while supporting multiple wireless standards and protocols, and allowing centralized interference mitigation and radio resource management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If femtocell access points are deployed to improve indoor coverage and reduce deployment costs, then coverage and capacity are improved, but synchronization, interference, and mobility management issues arise due to distributed and uncoordinated FAPs
Solution Approach 1:
A centralized controller is introduced as an intermediary between femtocell access points and the core network. This controller coordinates synchronization, manages interference, and handles mobility across multiple FAPs, resolving the reliability issues caused by distributed uncoordinated operation while preserving the coverage benefits of femtocell deployment
Solution Approach 2:
The system is segmented into three functional parts: distributed femtocell access points for local coverage, a centralized controller for coordination and management, and the core network. This segmentation allows FAPs to maintain their coverage function while the centralized controller handles synchronization and interference management separately
2Speed
If conventional cellular architecture is used with spectrum above 2 GHz to achieve high data rates, then data rate is improved, but in-building radio penetration is heavily penalized
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the deployment parameter from centralized high-power base stations to distributed low-power femtocell access points located inside buildings. This parameter change enables effective indoor coverage at frequencies above 2 GHz by placing transmission sources directly within the coverage area, overcoming the penetration loss issue
3Area of stationary object
If density of base-stations is increased to improve coverage, then coverage is improved, but costs incurred by network expansion must be counterbalanced by proportional growth of new subscribers
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs low-cost femtocell access points that can be deployed individually in buildings rather than investing in expensive centralized base station infrastructure. Each FAP is a cost-effective unit that provides localized coverage, reducing overall network expansion costs while achieving broad coverage through aggregate deployment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances spectral efficiency, reduces system complexity and costs, and enables flexible, centralized control of femtocell networks, improving indoor coverage and throughput while simplifying network management and maintenance.
Implementation Method 1
A bidirectional conversion apparatus that connects to both high-frequency radio environments and low-frequency electrical conductor-based transmission lines, enabling frequency conversion
Data Source
AI summary
A femtocell telecommunication system equipment comprising:a base apparatus structured to provide a first information signal and control signals;an electrical conductor based transmission line connected to said base apparatus;a bidirectional conversion apparatus adapted to receive/transmit from/on the transmission line the first signal and the control signals; the bidirectional apparatus comprising:a processing module structured to process the first signal to generate a second information signal and vice-versa; the second signal being adapted to be transmitted/received by an antenna device connectable to the bidirectional apparatus.