Transdermal Fentanyl Solution for Equine Pain Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
The use of opioids, particularly fentanyl, in veterinary medicine is limited by poor oral bioavailability and rapid clearance, leading to short duration of action and undesirable side effects in equines, and existing transdermal patch formulations face regulatory and pharmacokinetic challenges.
Innovation Solution
A transdermal pharmaceutical solution formulation of fentanyl combined with a penetration enhancer and a volatile liquid is used, allowing for deposition in the stratum corneum for prolonged systemic absorption, overcoming bioavailability and duration limitations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If transdermal patch formulation is used to deliver fentanyl to equines, then non-invasive dosing and continuous drug delivery are achieved, but slow delivery rate and low extent of fentanyl delivery occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the transdermal formulation by incorporating specific penetration enhancers (such as fatty acids, fatty acid esters, or glycolic acid) and adjusting the vehicle composition to optimize fentanyl permeation through the equine skin barrier, thereby increasing delivery rate while maintaining non-invasive administration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces penetration enhancers as intermediary substances that facilitate fentanyl transport across the skin barrier. These enhancers act as mediators between the fentanyl and the skin permeation pathway, increasing the extent and rate of drug delivery without requiring invasive administration
2Duration of action of stationary object
If traditional transdermal patch formulation is used, then continuous drug delivery is achieved, but regulatory approval and pharmacovigilance are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the formulation parameters by specifying precise concentration ranges (fentanyl 0.01-10%, penetration enhancer 1-20%, vehicle 70-70%) and physical properties to create a standardized, regulatory-compliant product that maintains prolonged duration of action while meeting veterinary medical standards for safety and monitoring
3Object-affected harmful factors
If fentanyl is administered to equines, then pain management is achieved, but dose dependent CNS excitation and gastrointestinal stasis occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves continuous, steady-state fentanyl delivery through the transdermal formulation, eliminating peak plasma concentrations that cause CNS excitation. The penetration enhancers ensure consistent permeation rates, maintaining therapeutic pain management without the harmful peak-trough fluctuations associated with intermittent administration
4Productivity
If transdermal patch is applied to equine skin, then fentanyl delivery is achieved, but patch damage and consumption leading to toxicity are possible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent formulates the transdermal system as a disposable application that is not intended for prolonged wear or repeated use. The formulation is designed to be applied and then discarded, eliminating the risk of patch consumption and subsequent toxicity that would occur with reusable or long-lasting patches
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in faster, more extensive, and higher absorption rates of fentanyl in equines, reducing the required therapeutic dose, minimizing side effects, and improving safety and regulatory compliance compared to traditional patch formulations.
Implementation Method 1
the dermal barrier to drug permeation can be overcome in equines by using a transdermal pharmaceutical formulation... deposition of fentanyl in the stratum corneum of an equine followed by prolonged systemic absorption
Data Source
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AI summary
This invention provides methods of controlling pain in an equine for an effective period of time comprising transdermally administering a composition comprising fentanyl, a penetration enhancer, and a volatile liquid, wherein the composition is a solution. The invention also provides a single unit dose of the composition.