FET Biosensor Electrode Layout for On-Chip Ligand Sorting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biosensors face inefficiencies in target ligand selection, sorting, and detection, particularly in processes like bio-panning and microfluidic phage-displayed peptide selection, which are time-consuming and lack quantitation capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor integrated with a semiconductor layer and a FET device, utilizing alternating voltages to facilitate ligand selection and sorting by moving ligands along specific directions based on binding with capture reagents, while providing quantitation through threshold voltage difference detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional bio-panning and microfluidic phage-displayed peptide selection methods are used, then target ligand selection and sorting can be performed, but the process is time-consuming and lacks quantitation capabilities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical and manual bio-panning methods with an electronic detection system based on FET devices. The FET sensor detects threshold voltage differences caused by ligand binding events, enabling rapid electronic measurement and quantitation without time-consuming manual procedures. This substitution of mechanical/manual processes with electronic detection resolves the contradiction between measurement precision and process time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes changes in electrical parameters (threshold voltage) of the FET device to detect and quantify ligand binding. By monitoring voltage differences before and after ligand attachment, the system achieves precise quantitation. This parameter-based detection method enables rapid measurement without lengthy procedures, resolving the time-precision contradiction.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional biosensor methods are used, then detection can be performed, but integration of selection, sorting, and detection on a single chip is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple functions (ligand selection, sorting, and detection) into a single integrated FET-based biosensor chip. The FET device serves as both the sensing element and the platform for ligand interaction, merging what were previously separate processes into one unified system. This integration enhances versatility while the compact chip design manages complexity effectively.
Solution Approach 2:
The FET-based biosensor platform is designed to perform multiple functions: it can select target ligands through specific binding interactions, sort them based on binding characteristics, and detect/quantify them through electrical signal measurement. This multi-functionality within a single device structure resolves the contradiction between adaptability and device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The biosensor achieves efficient integration of target ligand selection, sorting, and detection on a single chip, enhancing efficiency and providing quantitation capabilities, thereby overcoming the limitations of existing technologies.
Implementation Method 1
A biosensor may include transistors that are able to electrically sense charges, photons and mechanical properties of bio-entities or biomolecules
Implementation Method 2
utilizing alternating voltages to facilitate ligand selection and sorting by moving ligands along specific directions based on binding with capture reagents
Data Source
AI summary
A biosensor includes a semiconductor layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a FET device in the semiconductor layer, an isolation layer over the first surface of the semiconductor layer, a dielectric layer over the isolation layer and the first surface of the semiconductor layer, and a pair of first electrodes and a pair of second electrodes over the dielectric layer and separated from each other. The isolation layer has a rectangular opening substantially aligned with the FET device. The rectangular opening has pair of first sides and a pair of second sides. An extending direction of the pair of first sides is perpendicular to an extending direction of the pair of second sides. The pair of first electrodes is disposed over the pair of first sides, and the pair of second electrodes is disposed over the pair of second sides.