Interchangeable FFF Print Heads With Docked Filament Modules

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current fused filament fabrication (FFF) systems are inefficient due to the time-consuming process of switching between different filaments and print heads, requiring complex electrical power relays and control cables, and lack automated filament changes.

Innovation Solution

A FFF system with a gantry that moves print heads and filament modules in X, Y, and Z directions, featuring a control system for automated selection and locking of print heads and filaments, eliminating the need for additional locking mechanisms and power supply cables, and allowing for interchangeable print heads and filaments.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If manual filament switching is used, then the system structure remains simple, but the printing process becomes time-consuming and inefficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting speedVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs filament switching automatically without human intervention. The filament module with automated locking and unlocking mechanisms enables the system to service itself by replacing filaments based on print job requirements, eliminating manual operation while maintaining structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The filament delivery system is segmented into independent modules: filament spool, filament module with channel, print head with extrusion channel, and locking mechanisms. This segmentation allows individual modules to be replaced or configured independently, enabling automated switching without requiring complete system redesign.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Adaptability or versatility

If automated print head changing is implemented, then printing flexibility improves, but the number of electrical connections and control cables increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting flexibilityVSAvoidelectrical connection complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The filament module serves multiple functions: it acts as both a filament storage/delivery mechanism and a mechanical coupling interface for the print head. The locking mechanism integrated into the filament module provides both filament retention and print head mounting functions, reducing the need for separate electrical connection systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the filament delivery function with the print head mounting function into a single integrated filament module assembly. The locking mechanism simultaneously secures the filament in the filament module and couples the print head to the filament module, merging multiple functions into one component that reduces overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Extent of automation

If filament changing is automated, then operational efficiency increases, but additional locking mechanisms are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveautomated filament changingVSAvoidlocking mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The locking mechanism is integrated into the filament module itself rather than being a separate component. The locking feature combines filament retention and print head coupling functions, eliminating the need for additional separate locking mechanisms while enabling automated operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The automated locking and unlocking mechanism allows the system to securely attach and detach print heads and filaments without manual intervention. The mechanism serves itself by automatically engaging locks when components are assembled and disengaging them during replacement, enabling automated filament changing with minimal additional complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This system simplifies the setup and configuration, enabling faster switching between filaments and print heads, enhancing the flexibility and automation of 3D printing with various materials and tools, reducing the complexity of the printing process.

Implementation Method 1

a heating element arranged to heat the extrusion channel so that the material melts

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

an extrusion channel with an entrance arranged to receive the filament and a nozzle at the other end of the extrusion channel, wherein the extrusion channel is arranged to force the material through the nozzle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectExtrusion: Extrusion

Data Source

PatentEP4139114B1Fused filament fabrication system with interchangeable print heads and filament
Publication Date: 2024.05.08 ULTIMAKER BV
  • EP4139114B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4139114B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4139114B1 patent drawingFigure 4A~5B

AI summary

A fused filament fabrication system (1) is described comprising a number of print heads (31,32,33), a print head mount (4) arranged for releasable connection with any of the print heads and a gantry (5) arranged to move the print head mount (4). So-called filament modules (61,62,62) are provided that can be connected to the print heads (31,32,33). The print heads can be docked into a special print head dock (8) or they can be docked into one of the filament docks (71,72,72) if a filament module is arranged in between. A number of filament feeders (9) is arranged for feeding filament (11) to the respective filament modules. A control system (25) is arranged to control the gantry so as to select one print head from the number of print heads, to obtain a selected print head (31). The selected print head can be used for a printing job having the current filament attached, or it can be moved to another filament dock to first pickup a different filament. The selected print head can also be parked so as to select another print head. In this way multiple print heads can be combined with multiple filaments without user intervention.