Fully Homomorphic Encryption Clipping for Latency Reduction

Solution Overview

Problem

Current fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) systems face high latency and high storage needs, limiting their efficiency and practical application in real-world scenarios.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of a clipping operation that reduces the bit-size of encrypted data items, increasing the noise level while keeping it below the tolerance of subsequent FHE operations, thereby reducing storage and transmission requirements without compromising security.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If the bit-size of encrypted data items is reduced through clipping operations, then storage needs and latency are reduced, but the noise level increases

Engineering Contradiction:

ImprovelatencyVSAvoidnoise level

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of timeVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the bit-size of encrypted data items through clipping operations. Specifically, the system clips least significant bits from encrypted data items to reduce their size, thereby reducing storage requirements and transmission latency. The noise level increase is managed by controlling the clipping depth and selecting appropriate clipping positions based on noise tolerance analysis of subsequent FHE operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Quantity of substance

If the bit-size of encrypted data items is reduced through clipping operations, then storage needs are reduced, but the noise level increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestorage needsVSAvoidnoise level

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the bit-size of encrypted data items through clipping operations. Specifically, the system clips least significant bits from encrypted data items to reduce their size, thereby reducing storage requirements and transmission latency. The noise level increase is managed by controlling the clipping depth and selecting appropriate clipping positions based on noise tolerance analysis of subsequent FHE operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If clipping operations are applied to reduce encrypted data size, then transmission efficiency is improved, but security may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetransmission efficiencyVSAvoidsecurity

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the bit-size of encrypted data items through clipping operations. Specifically, the system clips least significant bits from encrypted data items to reduce their size, thereby reducing storage requirements and transmission latency. The noise level increase is managed by controlling the clipping depth and selecting appropriate clipping positions based on noise tolerance analysis of subsequent FHE operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS11991266B2Fully homomorphic cryptography with improved data item representation

Publication Date: 2024.05.21 ZAMA SAS

AI summary

Some embodiments are directed to a fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) cryptography, wherein some encrypted data items are clipped, thereby reducing a bit-size of the encrypted data item and increasing an associated noise level of the encrypted data item. An FHE operation or a decrypt operation that operates on the clipped encrypted data item as input, has noise tolerance above a noise level associated with the clipped encrypted data item.