FHE Transpiler for High-Level Code via Boolean IR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) technologies are limited by requiring operations to be described at primitive levels, such as gates and basic arithmetic, making it infeasible to perform complex computations like string processing due to high gate counts.
Innovation Solution
A high-level FHE transpiler that converts functions from high-level programming languages into intermediate representations, then into Boolean representations of single-bit logical operations, and finally into equivalent functions for encrypted data, allowing complex operations to be performed on ciphertext without manual circuit generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If operations are described at primitive levels (gates, ADD, MUL), then FHE can be implemented, but the gate count becomes infeasibly high for complex computations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediate representation (IR) as a mediator between high-level programming languages and FHE primitive operations. The IR serves as a bridge that allows complex high-level operations to be systematically translated into FHE-compatible circuits without requiring direct manual gate-level specification, thereby reducing the effective gate count complexity while maintaining implementation feasibility
Solution Approach 2:
The translation process is segmented into distinct stages: parsing high-level code, converting to intermediate representation, optimizing the IR, and generating FHE circuits. This segmentation allows complex computations to be broken down into manageable transformation steps, making the overall system more manageable and reducing the complexity burden on individual components
2Reliability
If manual circuit generation is required for FHE operations, then precise control is achieved, but complex computations become infeasible
Solution Approach 1:
The system enables self-service translation where the compiler automatically generates FHE circuits from high-level code without requiring manual circuit design. The intermediate representation and automated translation tools allow the system to serve itself by converting user-friendly high-level operations into correct FHE circuits, maintaining reliability while dramatically improving productivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical process of manual gate-level circuit design with an automated computational translation system. Instead of mechanically constructing circuits gate-by-gate, the system uses algorithmic translation from high-level code through intermediate representations, substituting manual mechanical work with automated computational processes
3Reliability
If FHE operates on primitive operators only, then security is maintained, but adaptability to high-level operations is restricted
Solution Approach 1:
The intermediate representation serves as a universal intermediary that can accommodate various high-level operations (arithmetic, logical, string processing, etc.) while maintaining their security properties. The system achieves multi-functionality by providing a single translation framework that handles diverse operation types, transforming them all into secure FHE circuits through the common IR layer
Data Source
AI summary
A method includes obtaining first code in a high-level programming language. The first code represents a first function for performing one or more operations on plaintext. The method also includes converting the first code into an intermediate representation comprising a list of nodes. Each node of the list of nodes includes one or more logical operations. The method also includes converting the intermediate representation into a Boolean intermediate representation that includes a plurality of single-bit logical operations. The method also includes transpiling the Boolean intermediate representation into second code in the high-level programming language. The second code represents a second function for performing, using fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), the one or more operations on ciphertext.