Fiber Blends for Flame-Resistant Garments with Moisture Management

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current flame-resistant fabrics often lack comfort and moisture management properties, leading to decreased wearer compliance due to discomfort, and may lose flame-resistance after repeated laundering.

Innovation Solution

A fiber blend comprising 30-70% hydrophobic fibers like modacrylic or fluoropolymer, 15-45% hydrophilic fibers such as cellulose, and 10-30% structural fibers like aramid, with optional antistatic fibers, which balances thermal protection and moisture management for improved comfort and durability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If flame-resistant fibers (modacrylic, aramid) are used to provide thermal protection, then flame resistance and thermal protection are improved, but moisture management and comfort deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame resistanceVSAvoidmoisture management
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by blending flame-resistant fibers (modacrylic, aramid) with hydrophilic moisture-wicking fibers (polyester, cotton, rayon) in specific ratios. This composite fiber blend integrates the flame resistance of synthetic fibers with the moisture management capabilities of hydrophilic fibers, resolving the contradiction between thermal protection and comfort.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements local quality by assigning different functional properties to different fiber components within the blend. The flame-resistant fibers provide localized thermal protection where needed, while the hydrophilic fibers provide localized moisture wicking in areas requiring comfort, allowing both functions to coexist in the same fabric structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If flame-resistant composition is applied to fabric to render it flame-resistant, then flame resistance is improved, but durability after laundering deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame resistanceVSAvoiddurability after laundering
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies self-service by using inherently flame-resistant fibers (modacrylic, aramid) that possess flame-resistant properties within their fiber structure. These fibers do not require external chemical compositions and maintain their flame resistance through repeated laundering cycles, as the flame resistance is an intrinsic property of the fiber rather than a surface treatment that can wash away.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Temperature

If fabric weight is increased to provide thermal protection, then thermal protection is improved, but abrasion resistance and comfort deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal protectionVSAvoidabrasion resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the fiber composition ratios and fabric weight parameters to achieve the minimum necessary thermal protection while maintaining abrasion resistance. By carefully selecting the blend composition (e.g., 55-70% modacrylic, 10-30% aramid, 10-30% hydrophilic fibers) and controlling fabric weight, the patent achieves thermal protection without excessive weight that would compromise abrasion resistance and wearer comfort.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Ease of operation

If hydrophilic fibers are added to improve moisture management, then moisture management is improved, but flame resistance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture managementVSAvoidflame resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by creating a multi-component fiber blend where hydrophilic moisture-wicking fibers (polyester, cotton, rayon) are combined with flame-resistant fibers (modacrylic, aramid) in specific ratios. This composite structure ensures that the hydrophilic fibers provide moisture management while the flame-resistant fibers maintain the fabric's flame resistance, with the overall blend meeting flame resistance standards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fiber blend provides effective protection against burns, maintains flame-resistance after washing, and enhances moisture management and abrasion resistance, ensuring both safety and comfort for the wearer.

Implementation Method 1

about 30-70%, by weight, based on the total weight of the fiber blend, of a hydrophobic fiber component comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of modacrylic, fluoropolymer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrophobicity: Hydrophobe

Implementation Method 2

about 15-45%, by weight, based on the total weight of the fiber blend, of a hydrophilic fiber component comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose derivatives

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrophilicity: Hydrophile

Implementation Method 3

about 10-30%, by weight, based on the total weight of the fiber blend, of at least one structural fiber component comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of aramid fiber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal resistance: Thermal Insulation

Implementation Method 4

The fiber blend provides effective protection against burns, maintains flame-resistance after washing, and enhances moisture management and abrasion resistance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction resistance: Friction

Data Source

PatentUS8973164B2Fiber blends for garments with high thermal, abrasion resistance, and moisture management properties
Publication Date: 2015.03.10 NAT SAFETY APPAREL LLC

AI summary

Fiber blends useful for garments with a balance of high thermal, abrasion resistance, and moisture management properties are disclosed. The fiber blends comprise a hydrophobic fiber component, a hydrophilic fiber component, a structural fiber component, and an optional antistatic fiber. Yarns, fabrics, and garments comprising the fiber blends are also disclosed. Such garments are particularly useful for occupations requiring high thermal properties and abrasion resistance, such as fire fighters, utility workers, and military personnel, without compromising comfort of the wearers by maintaining breathability and moisture management properties of the fabric.