Optical Fiber Preform Interface Treatment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for producing optical fiber preforms and fibers often result in irregularities, contaminants, and atomic defects at the interface between the core rod and the overclad tube/cylinder, leading to increased attenuation and light scattering losses.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the steps of providing a glass tube and core rod, inserting the core rod into the glass tube, heating to cause the tube to collapse and adhere to the core rod, and treating the interface gap by establishing a vacuum pressure, increasing it with oxygen-enriched air, and then re-establishing vacuum pressure to reduce contaminants and defects.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional RIT and RIC methods are used to form optical fiber preforms, then the preform production process is simple and straightforward, but contaminants, impurities and atomic defects are introduced at the interface between the core rod and the overclad tube/cylinder

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterface qualityVSAvoidcontaminants and defects
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The interface gap is evacuated and filled with reactive gas (oxygen, nitrogen, or chlorine) before the overclad tube collapses onto the core rod. This preliminary treatment prevents contaminants and atomic defects from forming at the interface during the collapsing process, thereby improving interface quality without compromising manufacturing simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The interface gap is evacuated to create a vacuum environment, and then filled with reactive gas that forms an inert or controlled atmosphere during the collapsing process. This controlled atmosphere prevents contamination and atomic defects at the interface, resolving the contradiction between simple manufacturing and high interface quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

2Manufacturing precision

If the overclad tube is collapsed onto the core rod without interface treatment, then the manufacturing process is fast and efficient, but irregularities such as voids, air lines and bubbles are formed at the interface

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterface uniformityVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The interface gap is evacuated and filled with reactive gas before the collapsing process begins. This preliminary action ensures uniform interface formation by preventing voids, air lines and bubbles from forming during collapse, while adding only minimal steps to the overall manufacturing process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The mechanical collapsing process is supplemented with gas pressure control and vacuum evacuation. By using gas pressure to control the collapsing process and evacuate the interface gap, the method achieves uniform interface formation without significantly increasing mechanical device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Manufacturing precision

If reactive gas is introduced into the interface gap during collapsing, then contaminants and atomic defects are reduced, but the process time and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterface purityVSAvoidprocess time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The interface gap is evacuated and filled with reactive gas before the collapsing process begins, rather than during the collapse itself. This timing allows the gas treatment to be completed in advance, minimizing the impact on overall process time while still achieving high interface purity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The pressure and composition of the gas in the interface gap are dynamically controlled during the process. By optimizing the gas pressure parameters and using reactive gases that quickly form protective atmospheres, the process achieves high interface purity with minimal time penalty

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method effectively reduces contaminants and defects, resulting in optical fibers with lower attenuation and improved quality by eliminating interface irregularities and impurities during the collapsing process.

Implementation Method 1

heating the assembled body to cause the glass tube to collapse on and adhere to the glass core rod

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal heating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

establishing a vacuum pressure in the interface gap

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVacuum: Vacuum

Implementation Method 3

increasing the pressure of the interface gap by flowing oxygen-enriched air through the interface gap for a predetermined time

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP2938580B1Methods for fabricating optical fiber preform and optical fiber
Publication Date: 2018.12.12 HERAEUS QUARZGLAS GMBH & CO KG
  • EP2938580B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2938580B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP2938580B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

A method of manufacturing an optical fiber preform or an optical fiber is provided. The method includes the steps of: (a) providing a glass tube and a glass core rod; (b) inserting the glass core rod into the glass tube to form an assembled body; (c) heating the assembled body to cause the glass tube to collapse on and adhere to the glass core rod; and (d) treating an interface gap between the glass core rod and the glass tube during heating of at least a portion of the assembled body. Treating of the interface gap involves: (i) establishing a vacuum pressure in the interface gap, (ii) increasing a pressure of the interface gap by a treatment gas through the interface gap for a predetermined time, and (iii) re-establishing a vacuum pressure in the interface gap after the predetermined time has elapsed.