Fiber-Target Distance Estimation Using Multi-Wavelength Laser Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods struggle to accurately estimate the distance between the distal end of an optical fiber and a target in medical treatments using laser and fiber technology, leading to potential complications and inefficiencies due to factors like fiber movement and tissue environment, which can result in incorrect laser targeting and tissue damage.
Innovation Solution
A Fiber Feedback (FFB) technique using a Light Emitting, Transmitting and Detecting (LETD) system with multiple laser light sources of different water absorption coefficients illuminates the target with laser light of varying wavelengths, measures intensity values of reflected light, and employs a processing unit to estimate the distance, enabling real-time and accurate distance monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single wavelength laser is used for treatment, then the treatment process is simple, but the distance estimation accuracy deteriorates due to inability to differentiate target reflection from other reflections
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the laser treatment process into two distinct wavelength components: a first wavelength for distance estimation and a second wavelength for treatment. This segmentation allows the system to separately optimize each function - using wavelength differentiation to accurately distinguish target reflections from other reflections in the optical path, thereby achieving precise distance estimation without compromising treatment simplicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a intermediary wavelength (first wavelength) that serves as a mediator between the treatment laser and the distance measurement system. This intermediary wavelength enables the system to obtain distance information without interfering with the primary treatment process, as the target tissue has different optical properties at different wavelengths
2Measurement precision
If multiple wavelengths are used for distance estimation, then the distance estimation accuracy improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements multi-functionality by designing the laser system to perform both distance estimation and tissue treatment using two wavelengths. The same optical fiber and detection system are used for both functions, eliminating the need for separate measurement and treatment systems. This universal approach reduces overall device complexity while maintaining high measurement precision through wavelength differentiation
3Loss of information
If numerical aperture modulation is used for distance estimation, then distance information can be obtained, but the separation of reflections from different numerical apertures becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the optical parameter from numerical aperture modulation to wavelength modulation. By using different wavelengths for different functions (estimation and treatment), the system avoids the complex separation problem associated with numerical aperture methods. The wavelength parameter provides a clear spectral distinction that simplifies the detection and measurement process while still retrieving accurate distance information
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The FFB technique provides robust and compatible distance estimation, allowing for automatic adjustment of laser parameters, ensuring precise targeting and reducing treatment complications by maintaining accurate fiber-target distance and orientation.
Implementation Method 1
measuring and comparing intensity values of reflections of the light beams
Implementation Method 2
an optical fiber is inserted through single working channel of the ureteroscope, to a target location
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B
Figure 2A
AI summary
The present invention relates to Fiber Feedback (FFB) technology, and provides a method and system for estimating distance between a fiber end and a target. The method includes illuminating, by a Light Emitting, Transmitting and Detecting (LETD) system, the target with laser light of different wavelengths having low and high water absorption coefficients, using different laser light sources, as well as receiving a returned signal corresponding to the incident laser light of different wavelengths, and detecting the returned signal to measure intensity values of the returned signal of a specific wavelength. Using the measured intensity values, a processing unit may estimate distance between the fiber end and the target. The present invention enables accurate estimation of distance between a fiber end and a target, and also provides a robust distance estimation technique which is compatible with different types of targets.