Intersecting Fibre-Core Dielectric Waveguide for Low-Loss Polarisation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dielectric waveguides face challenges in transmitting linearly polarized waves with reduced dielectric losses, particularly in the millimeter wave band, due to high dielectric losses associated with the field intensity at the center of circular and elliptical structures, which complicates polarisation maintenance and increases attenuation.
Innovation Solution
A dielectric waveguide design featuring a fibre core formed by the intersection of two fibre cores with a sheath, where the fibre core has a higher dielectric constant than the sheath, allowing for linearly polarized wave transmission with reduced losses by positioning the tensile threads outside high field intensity areas, and optionally including a foil screen and outer sleeve for electromagnetic compatibility and environmental protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a circular or elliptical fibre core structure is used, then the waveguide can be manufactured by extrusion methods, but the field intensity is maximum at the center where tensile threads are located, leading to high dielectric losses
Solution Approach 1:
The fibre core is segmented into two separate fibre cores instead of a single circular or elliptical core. This segmentation allows the tensile threads to be positioned in the spaces between the two cores, away from the high field intensity regions, thereby reducing dielectric losses while maintaining extrusion manufacturability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from symmetric circular/elliptical core geometries to an asymmetric configuration with two separate fibre cores. This asymmetric arrangement creates regions of different field intensity distribution, allowing optimal positioning of tensile threads in low field intensity zones while preserving the ability to use extrusion manufacturing methods.
2Ease of operation
If rectangular structures with different side lengths are used for polarisation maintenance, then linear polarisation can be maintained, but additional process steps are required beyond common extrusion methods
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a single rectangular structure requiring additional processing, the patent segments the core into two fibre cores that can be extruded simultaneously or sequentially. This segmentation allows polarisation maintenance through geometric arrangement while using standard extrusion processes, eliminating the need for additional manufacturing steps.
3Reliability
If the fibre core has high dielectric constant for wave guidance, then wave conduction is improved, but dielectric losses increase when tensile threads are in high field intensity areas
Solution Approach 1:
The tensile threads are extracted from the center of the fibre core where field intensity is maximum. By repositioning them in the spaces between the two fibre cores, the harmful interaction between the high dielectric constant material and the high field intensity zones is eliminated, allowing both good wave conduction and low dielectric losses to coexist.
Solution Approach 2:
The two-fibre-core configuration acts as an intermediary structure that mediates between the requirements for high dielectric constant (for wave guidance) and low dielectric losses. The spatial arrangement of two separate cores creates regions where high dielectric material can be used for wave guidance while tensile threads are positioned in intermediate low-field regions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enables efficient transmission of linearly polarized waves with reduced dielectric losses, improved polarisation maintenance, and enhanced mechanical flexibility, suitable for high-frequency applications like the W band, while minimizing external influence and environmental impact.
Implementation Method 1
wave conduction in dielectric waveguides takes place along a boundary layer of materials of different permittivity, also termed dielectric constant
Implementation Method 2
a dielectric constant of the fibre core according to the principle of the dielectric waveguide can be greater than a dielectric constant of the sheath
Implementation Method 3
Due to the geometry of the arrangement of the first fibre core and the second fibre core relative to one another, a linearly polarised wave can be guided through the dielectric waveguide that has fewer dielectric losses
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a dielectric waveguide. A fibre core of the dielectric waveguide is formed by a first fibre core and a second fibre core. The first fibre core and the second fibre core have an intersection in the cross-section of the dielectric waveguide.