Fibre Optic Sensing Device Multiplexed Interferometry

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing multipoint vibration measurement systems using interferometric sensors become increasingly complex and costly as the number of measurement points grows, due to the need for additional lasers and detectors.

Innovation Solution

A fibre optic sensing device utilizing a common laser and detector, where each optical fibre portion has a unique optical path length and includes a sensor with a third reflector whose position varies based on the parameter being sensed, allowing for multiplexed interferometric signals to be distinguished using range-resolved interferometry.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If additional lasers and detectors are provided to measure vibrations of increased number of points, then the measurement capability is improved, but the system size and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement capabilityVSAvoidsystem size
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple measurement functions into a single laser and detector system. By using a single laser source that illuminates multiple sensors and a single detector that receives reflected light from all sensors, the system eliminates the need for multiple independent laser-detector pairs, thereby reducing system size and complexity while maintaining multi-point measurement capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single laser and detector are designed to serve multiple measurement points simultaneously. The laser provides illumination for all sensors and the detector receives signals from all measurement points, making these components universal rather than dedicated to specific points, thus improving adaptability without increasing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If additional lasers and detectors are provided to measure vibrations of increased number of points, then the measurement capability is improved, but the system cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement capabilityVSAvoidsystem cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple expensive laser and detector components into single shared components. By having one laser serve multiple sensors and one detector receive signals from multiple measurement points, the overall system cost is reduced while maintaining the capability to measure vibrations at multiple points

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Measurement precision

If individual detectors and lasers are used for each measurement point, then the measurements from each sensor can be distinguished, but the system becomes complex as the number of measurement points increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal distinctionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces local quality variations in the form of unique optical path lengths for each sensor-detector path. Each measurement point has a distinct optical path length that serves as its identifier, allowing the single detector to distinguish between signals from different sensors based on their unique path characteristics without requiring multiple detectors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses parameter changes in the optical path length as a distinguishing feature for each measurement point. By varying the optical path length for each sensor path and using signal processing to analyze these differences, the system can distinguish between multiple measurement points while using a single detector, thereby reducing system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient multipoint vibration measurements with a single laser and detector, reducing system size, complexity, and cost while maintaining accurate sensor readings by using a common light source and detector across multiple fibre optic paths with distinct optical path lengths.

Implementation Method 1

a fibre optic sensing device comprising a plurality of optical fibre portions, wherein each optical fibre portion is arranged to receive laser light from a common laser

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical transmission: Optical Fibre

Implementation Method 2

each optical fibre portion comprises a first reflector spaced from a distal end of the optical fibre portion and a second reflector at the distal end

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

the sensor is configured such that a physical property between the second and third reflectors varies depending on a parameter being sensed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInterferometry: Interference

Data Source

PatentEP3710787B1A fibre optic sensing device
Publication Date: 2021.11.03 CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY
  • EP3710787B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3710787B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3a
  • EP3710787B1 patent drawingFigure 3b

AI summary

A fibre optic sensing device is provided. The fibre optic sensing device comprises a plurality of optical fibre portions, wherein each optical fibre portion is arranged to receive laser light from a common laser and reflect the laser light to a common detector, wherein each optical fibre portion comprises a first reflector spaced from a distal end of the optical fibre portion and a second reflector at the distal end, wherein each optical fibre portion comprises a sensor provided at the respective distal end of the optical fibre portion, the sensor comprising a third reflector the position of which varies depending on a value of a property being sensed, wherein a distance between the first and second reflectors is different for each of the optical fibre portions.