Fibrous SiC Carrier Layers for Flexible Photovoltaic Fabric

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional silicon-based photovoltaic devices are rigid and inflexible, limiting their adaptability to on-site conditions, while polymer solar cells face challenges in mechanical flexibility and efficiency due to complex structures and short exciton diffusion lengths.

Innovation Solution

A photovoltaic device with two carrier layers, one n-doped and the other p-doped or undoped, coated with a photovoltaic donor material, forming a flexible and robust fabric-like structure that enhances mechanical flexibility and efficiency by direct electron transfer and hole release upon light irradiation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If silicon-based photovoltaic elements are used, then high efficiency is achieved, but mechanical flexibility is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephotovoltaic efficiencyVSAvoidmechanical flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces rigid silicon-based photovoltaic elements with thin film structures comprising organic photoconductive layers and flexible substrate materials. This enables the photovoltaic device to achieve mechanical flexibility while maintaining photoactive functionality through the use of flexible substrates and thin film deposition techniques.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material structures combining organic photoconductive polymers with flexible substrate materials and conductive layers. This composite approach allows the integration of photoactive properties with mechanical flexibility, resolving the contradiction between efficiency and adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If polymer solar cells are used, then mechanical flexibility is improved, but efficiency decreases due to short exciton diffusion lengths

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical flexibilityVSAvoidphotovoltaic efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a multi-layered photoactive structure with donor and acceptor materials arranged in specific configurations. This local optimization of material properties and layer arrangements enhances exciton separation efficiency at interfaces while maintaining the flexibility benefits of polymer materials throughout the device structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from conventional planar polymer solar cell structures to three-dimensional fibrous carrier layers. This dimensional change increases the surface area for light absorption and exciton generation while providing flexible, fabric-like mechanical properties that resolve the efficiency-flexibility trade-off.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional polymer solar cell structures are used, then ease of manufacture is improved, but mechanical strength and flexibility are compromised by complex multi-layer structures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction simplicityVSAvoidmechanical strength and flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple functional layers into integrated fibrous carrier structures where support, photoactive, and conductive functions are combined in a single fabric-like component. This reduces manufacturing complexity while enhancing mechanical flexibility and strength compared to conventional multi-layer polymer solar cells.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution results in a flexible, robust, and highly efficient photovoltaic fabric that can be processed into textiles, offering increased photovoltaically effective area and improved performance compared to conventional devices, suitable for various applications including clothing and aircraft components.

Implementation Method 1

Photovoltaic effects on organic photoconductive materials have been known for a few decades

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotovoltaic effect: Photovoltaic Effect

Implementation Method 2

one carrier layer has n-doped electron donors and the other carrier layer has acceptor material as p-doped or undoped electron acceptors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDoping: Dopants

Data Source

PatentEP2078313B1Photovoltaic devices with fibers as carrier layers
Publication Date: 2019.12.18 UNIVERSITAET PADERBORN
  • EP2078313B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1c
  • EP2078313B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP2078313B1 patent drawingFigure 2c

AI summary

The invention relates to a photovoltaic device (1), comprising a photovoltaic acceptor material (7) and a photovoltaic donor material (10), in which the photovoltaic device (1) comprises at least two carrier layers (2, 3), of which one carrier layer (2) has n-doped electron donors (6) and the other carrier layer has acceptor material (7) as p-doped or undoped electron acceptors, wherein the carrier layers (2, 3) are arranged with respect to one another such that they touch one another at least in sections, and the carrier layers (2, 3) are wetted or coated in filmlike fashion with a photovoltaic donor material (10). The carrier layers (2, 3), which are formed in particular from fibres (6, 7) composed of silicon carbide SiC, enable textile solar cells. Methods for producing the fibres (6, 7) and for producing the photovoltaic device (1) and textile structures formed therefrom are furthermore described. A photovoltaic device (1) is furthermore proposed, in which carrier elements of an individual carrier layer have a corresponding photovoltaically active construction by virtue of correspondingly applied layers.