Encapsulated Field Grading Members for Cable Joint Stress Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing field grading devices in power distribution systems fail to effectively regulate electric fields at cable joints and terminations, leading to potential electrical breakdown of insulators due to high stress, particularly in high voltage applications.

Innovation Solution

A composite field grading member with a conductive network encapsulated within an insulating body, featuring varying density and conductivity, is integrated into cable joints and terminations to uniformly distribute and reduce peak electric field intensity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If the cable shield is removed at joints and terminations for mechanical connection, then ease of connection is improved, but electric field stress on the insulator increases leading to potential electrical breakdown

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of connectionVSAvoidinsulator reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A field grading member is introduced as an intermediary component between the cable conductor and the insulator at joints and terminations where the shield is removed. This field grading member comprises a conductive body encapsulated within an insulating body, where the conductive body regulates the electric field and the insulating body provides mechanical protection and electrical insulation. This intermediary structure enables both mechanical connection ease and insulator reliability by controlling the electric field stress distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If traditional field grading devices are used to limit electric stress, then insulator reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinsulator reliabilityVSAvoidfield grading device complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The field grading member merges the field grading function and the insulation function into a single integrated component. The conductive body encapsulated within the insulating body combines electric field regulation capability with mechanical protection and electrical insulation in one structure, eliminating the need for separate field grading devices and reducing overall device complexity while maintaining insulator reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If the conductive body has high conductivity to regulate electric field, then electric field distribution is improved, but electrical stress on the insulating body increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectric field distributionVSAvoidinsulating body strength
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The field grading member employs local quality by having the conductive body strategically positioned within the insulating body at locations where electric field stress is highest. The conductive body's high conductivity is localized to where it is most needed for field regulation, while the insulating body provides localized protection and stress distribution. This spatial differentiation of properties optimizes both electric field distribution and insulating body strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively limits electrical stress on insulators, allowing for smaller or higher voltage-rated cables by uniformly distributing electric fields, reducing the risk of breakdown and enhancing insulation durability.

Implementation Method 1

The conductive body is arranged to regulate an electric field within an underlying insulator from current flowing through a conductor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric field regulation: Electric Field

Implementation Method 2

The conductive body encapsulated within the electrically insulating body has reduced conductivity relative to a conductive body not encapsulated within the electrically insulating body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

a conductive body encapsulated within an electrically insulating body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical insulation: Dielectric

Data Source

PatentEP3817170B1Field grading members, power cables having field grading members, and methods of regulating electric fields
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP3817170B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3817170B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3817170B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A field grading member includes an insulating body (130) extending along a regulation axis and a conductive body (132). The conductive body (132) is encapsulated within the insulating body (130) and defines a conductive network therein to regulate an electric field within an underlying insulator from current flowing through a conductor along the regulation axis. Cables and methods of regulating electric field within cables are also described.