Filter Mechanism for Removing Chest Compression Artifacts from ECG Signals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current external defibrillators face challenges in providing a clear ECG signal during chest compressions, as chest compression artifacts obscure cardiac signals, which can delay timely defibrillation and reduce survival rates in cases of Ventricular Fibrillation.
Innovation Solution
An external medical device with a processor that filters ECG signals using comb filters or notch filters to remove chest compression artifacts, allowing for accurate monitoring and potentially earlier defibrillation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If chest compressions are performed during CPR to restore blood flow, then blood circulation is improved, but chest compression artifacts obscure the ECG signal and reduce measurement precision
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes chest compression artifacts from the ECG signal using digital filtering techniques. The processor identifies artifact components in the signal and selectively removes them, isolating the harmful artifact elements from the useful cardiac signal to restore measurement precision while maintaining the beneficial blood circulation effects of CPR
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary processing stage between signal acquisition and analysis. The filter mechanism acts as an intermediary that processes the raw ECG signal, removing artifacts before the signal is presented for cardiac rhythm analysis, thereby protecting the measurement precision without interfering with the actual CPR blood flow restoration
2Productivity
If defibrillation is delayed to perform CPR, then blood flow is restored through compressions, but survival rate decreases by 10% for each minute of delay
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables continuous monitoring and analysis of ECG signals during CPR by maintaining signal quality despite ongoing chest compressions. The filtering mechanism allows uninterrupted cardiac rhythm assessment throughout the CPR process, eliminating the need to pause compressions for signal clarification and enabling continuous useful action of both CPR and monitoring
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by continuously analyzing the filtered ECG signal during CPR to detect cardiac arrest conditions. The system provides real-time feedback on cardiac rhythm status, allowing immediate identification when defibrillation becomes necessary, thereby optimizing the timing of defibrillation intervention while CPR continues
Data Source
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AI summary
An external medical device (400) includes a housing (401), a user interface (470) in connection with the housing and a processor (430) within the housing. The processor is configured to receive an input signal for a patient (482) receiving chest compressions from a mechanical chest compression device (485) having a chest compression frequency f. The processor is further configured to select at least one filter mechanism (425) and to apply the at least one filter mechanism to the signal to at least substantially remove chest compression artifacts from the signal, wherein the chest compression artifacts correspond to the chest compressions being delivered to the patient by the mechanical chest compression device and wherein the at least one filter mechanism substantially rejects content in the frequency f plus content in at least one more frequency that is a harmonic to the frequency f.