Filter PCB Layout for Busbar EMI Mitigation in Vehicle Computers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Autonomous vehicles face challenges in mitigating electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by power terminals, which cannot be effectively shielded due to design constraints and space limitations, leading to increased electrical noise and component failures.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a filter printed circuit board (PCB) within the ADSC to mitigate EMI by utilizing planar capacitance and optional components like conductive gaskets, resistor-capacitor components, and EMI absorbers, which are strategically positioned to reduce conductive and radiated noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If traditional shielding methods are used to block EMI from power terminals, then EMI protection is improved, but space requirements and design complexity increase beyond available constraints
Solution Approach 1:
A filter PCB is introduced as an intermediary component between the power terminals and the ADSC. This filter PCB includes filtering circuits that actively reduce EMI conducted through the power supply, providing protection without requiring additional shielding space around the power terminals themselves
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the approach from physical blocking (shielding) to electrical filtering by modifying the electrical parameters of the power supply path. Filtering circuits modify the impedance and frequency characteristics of the power lines to attenuate EMI signals while maintaining power delivery
2Reliability
If shielding components are added to protect against EMI, then reliability is improved, but device complexity and space consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The EMI filtering function is merged into the existing PCB structure. The filter PCB is integrated with the ADSC's power distribution architecture, combining the shielding/protection function with the existing circuit board rather than adding separate shielding components
Solution Approach 2:
The filter PCB serves multiple functions: it provides EMI filtering, acts as a power distribution board, and maintains structural integration with the ADSC. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for dedicated shielding structures while achieving the same protective effect
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The filter PCB effectively redirects and absorbs unwanted EMI from power terminals, reducing noise and preventing component failures, thereby enhancing the operational reliability of the ADSC and other vehicle systems.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing planar capacitance and optional components like conductive gaskets, resistor-capacitor components, and EMI absorbers
Implementation Method 2
The filter PCB effectively redirects and absorbs unwanted EMI from power terminals
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure generally relates to systems and techniques for mitigating electromagnetic interference and, more specifically, to using a filter printed circuit board (PCB) within an autonomous vehicle to mitigate electromagnetic interference. In some aspects, the disclosed technology includes: an autonomous driving super computer (ADSC) comprising: an enclosure that is coupled to a primary printed circuit board (PCB) of the ADSC; one or more power terminals that are coupled to the primary PCB and extend through the enclosure; a PCB positioned between the enclosure and the primary PCB, wherein the filter PCB includes one or more apertures to permit the one or more power terminals to extend through the filter PCB, and wherein the filter PCB is configured to mitigate electromagnetic interference emitted from the one or more power terminals.