Fine Dust Detection Using Low-Power Laser and Semi-Transparent Cell
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dust measurement methods, such as weight concentration and Lidar, face challenges in real-time monitoring and high manufacturing costs, making them inefficient for continuous fine dust particle analysis.
Innovation Solution
A system and method utilizing low-power laser light with three laser generators and receivers, combined with a semi-transparent cell and progressively decreasing potential energy and sine wave, to separate and analyze fine dust particles by size, shape, distribution, and amount in real-time, while maintaining a low manufacturing cost.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If weight concentration measurement methods are used to measure fine dust, then the mass of collected particles can be obtained, but real-time measurement is impossible and additional operation processes are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical filtration and weighing system with an optical measurement system using laser light transmission. Instead of collecting particles on a filter and measuring mass, the system uses laser beams passing through the air sample to detect particle concentration through light absorption and scattering, enabling real-time measurement without mechanical collection processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces laser light as an intermediary to measure particle concentration. The laser beam acts as a mediator that interacts with fine dust particles in the air, and the changes in light properties (absorption, scattering) provide information about particle concentration, enabling non-contact real-time measurement.
2Measurement precision
If Lidar is used for relative concentration measurement, then the shape and concentration of fine particles can be determined, but the equipment cost is very high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive Lidar equipment with low-power laser diodes that are inexpensive and commercially available. Instead of using high-power lasers required for atmospheric Lidar, the system uses low-power lasers suitable for indoor air quality monitoring, dramatically reducing equipment cost while maintaining measurement capability for particle concentration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operational parameters from atmospheric-scale Lidar measurements to indoor air quality measurements. By adjusting laser power to low levels and designing a compact measurement chamber, the system adapts the light transmission principle for cost-effective indoor use rather than expensive outdoor atmospheric monitoring.
3Measurement precision
If multiple laser beams are used to analyze fine dust particles, then comprehensive particle analysis can be achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the laser transmission measurement system to perform multiple measurement functions simultaneously. The same basic components (laser source, transmission path, light receiver) are used to measure particle concentration, size distribution, and movement characteristics by analyzing different aspects of light interaction with particles, reducing the need for separate specialized devices for each measurement type.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables real-time monitoring of fine dust particle movement speeds, shapes, distribution, sizes, and amount with reduced costs, overcoming the limitations of existing methods by using low-power laser technology and innovative signal processing.
Implementation Method 1
an absorption intensity signal varying according to the distribution of fine dust particles is input from the semi-transparent cell
Implementation Method 2
the laser beams are received by light receivers at positions on the inner sidewall of the main body facing the laser generators
Implementation Method 3
a chamber configured to allow potential energy having progressively decreasing intensity and a sine wave to be applied below the semi-transparent cell; fine dust particles accumulated on the semi-transparent cell are separated by size
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
AI summary
Provided are a system and a method for detecting fine dust using low-power laser light, wherein three low-power laser beams are horizontally emitted from laser generators (10, 12, and 13) positioned at a first surface inside a main body (1) that has an open upper part and a lower part provided with a semi-transparent cell (30), the laser beams are received by light receivers (20, 22, and 23) positioned at a second surface facing the first surface, detection signals are input from the light receivers, fine dust particles accumulated on the semi-transparent cell are separated by size, and an absorption intensity signal varying according to the distribution of the fine dust particles is received and used to analyze the movement speeds, shapes, distribution, sizes, and amount of the fine dust particles.