Compact Finger NMR Magnet Array for Field Homogeneity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional NMR systems for human appendages require large sizes and weights to maintain magnetic field homogeneity, leading to reduced measurement sensitivity when scaled down, and manufacturing errors compound, making them unsuitable for accurate biometric parameter measurements.
Innovation Solution
A compact NMR system with an array of magnets arranged arcuately around a bore, featuring oblong cross-sections and adjustable magnet positions, ensuring a tailored region of interest (ROI) for enhanced magnetic field homogeneity and sensitivity, using passive and active shimming methods to correct field uniformity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If conventional NMR systems are scaled down in size for human appendages, then portability and accessibility are improved, but measurement sensitivity and magnetic field homogeneity deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a highly optimized magnetic field configuration specifically tailored for the finger geometry. The magnet array and shim components are precisely positioned to generate uniform fields only in the region of interest (finger pulp), rather than attempting to uniformize the entire system volume. This localized approach maintains measurement sensitivity while reducing overall system size.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional three-dimensional volumetric magnet arrangements to a two-dimensional surface coil configuration wrapped around the finger. This dimensional change allows the system to achieve the required magnetic field homogeneity in the measurement region without requiring large system volume, effectively solving the scaling contradiction.
2Volume of moving object
If conventional NMR systems are scaled down, then device compactness is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements worsen due to compounded errors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs preliminary action by implementing a multi-component magnetic field correction system (passive shims, active shims, and gradient coils) that pre-corrects for manufacturing errors and field non-uniformities before measurement. This allows the system to tolerate larger manufacturing tolerances in individual components while maintaining overall field uniformity through systematic correction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms through active shim coils and real-time field monitoring that automatically adjust and compensate for manufacturing variations. This closed-loop control system maintains magnetic field uniformity despite imperfections in component manufacturing, effectively decoupling system performance from manufacturing precision constraints.
3Measurement precision
If magnet array complexity is increased to maintain field homogeneity in compact systems, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the magnetic field generation and correction functions into distinct modular components: main magnet array, passive shim components, active shim coils, and gradient coils. Each segment performs a specific function and can be independently optimized or adjusted, managing overall system complexity while achieving the required field homogeneity through coordinated operation of all segments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system maintains high measurement sensitivity and accuracy for biometric parameters in a reduced size and weight, enabling precise analyte detection in target regions like the finger pulp, despite scaling down from conventional systems.
Implementation Method 1
an array of magnets arranged arcuately around a bore
Implementation Method 2
using passive and active shimming methods to correct field uniformity
Data Source
AI summary
The system can include: an array of magnets. In variants, the system can function to generate a homogenous magnetic field within a sample (e.g., in the pulp of a finger). In an example, the system can be used for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In a specific example, the system can be used to measure blood analyte levels (e.g., glucose levels) within a sample.