Fingerprint Identification Element Wiring Simplification

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fingerprint identification elements require a complex structure with numerous photosensitive thin film transistors and signal lines to distinguish valleys and ridges, leading to a cumbersome design and increased wiring.

Innovation Solution

A fingerprint identification element comprising a matrix of fingerprint identification units with photosensitive and switching thin film transistors, where each unit includes a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor, with the second transistor acting as a switching element to reduce wiring complexity by sharing signal lines, and a method involving scanning signals and preset voltages to detect light currents for pattern recognition.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a great number of photosensitive thin film transistors and signal lines are arranged to distinguish valleys and ridges, then fingerprint identification accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefingerprint identification accuracyVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from a planar arrangement of photosensitive transistors to a three-dimensional stacked structure where multiple transistor layers are vertically integrated. This dimensional change allows signal lines to be routed through different layers and spatial positions, reducing planar wiring complexity while maintaining the necessary number of photosensitive elements for accurate fingerprint recognition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements shared signal lines that serve multiple photosensitive transistors across different layers and positions. The signal lines are designed to collect signals from multiple transistors simultaneously, reducing the total number of required signal lines while maintaining the ability to distinguish fingerprint valleys and ridges through coordinated transistor operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If a great number of photosensitive thin film transistors and signal lines are arranged to distinguish valleys and ridges, then fingerprint identification accuracy is improved, but wiring complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefingerprint identification accuracyVSAvoidwiring complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent utilizes vertical stacking of transistor layers with signal lines routed through different spatial levels. This three-dimensional wiring architecture reduces the density of interconnections in any single plane, making the overall wiring structure more manageable and less complex despite the large number of required connections

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple signal collection functions into shared signal lines that traverse multiple layers and serve multiple photosensitive transistors. By merging these functions into unified signal pathways, the total number of distinct wiring routes is reduced, simplifying the overall wiring complexity while maintaining comprehensive signal collection capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution simplifies the structure and reduces wiring, enhancing the accuracy and sensitivity of fingerprint identification while maintaining the aperture ratio of display devices.

Implementation Method 1

each photosensitive thin film transistor is electrically connected with a fingerprint identification chip by its corresponding signal line. In the case that a finger is positioned above the fingerprint identification element, intensity of light reflected to the photosensitive thin film transistors from the valleys of the finger is different from that of light reflected to the photosensitive thin film transistors from the ridges of the finger, so that light currents generated by the photosensitive thin film transistors are different in magnitude

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric Effect: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentUS10127431B2Fingerprint identification element, fingerprint identification method, display device and display apparatus
Publication Date: 2018.11.13 BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD
  • US10127431B2 patent drawing
  • US10127431B2 patent drawing
  • US10127431B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A fingerprint identification element, a fingerprint identification method, a display device and a display apparatus are provided. The fingerprint identification element includes fingerprint identification units arranged in matrix, fingerprint identification scan lines and fingerprint identification read lines. Each fingerprint identification unit includes a first photosensitive thin film transistor and a second switching thin film transistor. A gate electrode and a source electrode of the first thin film transistor are connected with each other. A drain electrode of the first thin film transistor is electrically connected with a drain electrode of the second thin film transistor. Gate electrodes of the second thin film transistors in each row of the fingerprint identification units are electrically connected with the corresponding fingerprint identification scan line. Source electrodes of the second thin film transistors in each column of the fingerprint identification units are electrically connected with the corresponding fingerprint identification read line.