Fingerprint Sensor Electrode Arrangement for Liveness Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fingerprint identification systems face challenges in ensuring security against forgery and errors due to complex structures and inaccurate positioning, particularly in liveness detection and multi-finger authentication.

Innovation Solution

An arrangement with a first electrode for the thumb and at least one second electrode for other fingers, both coupled with a fingerprint sensor and a measuring unit, allowing for intuitive user handling and reduced measurement errors by guiding correct finger placement, and optionally using force detection units for enhanced security.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If closely spaced two-point electrodes are used for impedance measurement, then liveness detection capability is improved, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to positioning errors and finger movement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliveness detection capabilityVSAvoidimpedance measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the single impedance measurement into multiple separate measurements using multiple electrode pairs. Each electrode pair measures impedance across a different finger or finger region, and the results are combined to achieve both accurate liveness detection and robustness against positioning errors. This segmentation allows the system to maintain reliability while reducing sensitivity to individual measurement errors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If complex electrode structures are used for accurate liveness detection, then detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliveness detection capabilityVSAvoidelectrode structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the electrode structure multi-functional by using the same electrodes for both fingerprint capture and impedance measurement. The electrodes serve dual purposes: capturing the fingerprint pattern and simultaneously measuring electrical impedance for liveness detection. This eliminates the need for separate specialized electrode structures, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the fingerprint sensor functionality with the impedance measurement functionality into a single integrated system. The electrode structure is designed to perform both functions concurrently, combining what could have been separate components into one unified structure, thereby reducing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If multiple fingers are used for authentication, then security against forgery is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to incorrect positioning

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity against forgeryVSAvoidfinger placement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables the system to automatically handle positioning variations by measuring impedance across multiple electrode pairs that correspond to different fingers. The system self-adjusts by collecting data from all available finger contacts and using the combined information for authentication, eliminating the need for precise manual positioning by the user.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the authentication process into multiple independent finger measurements, each captured by separate electrode pairs. This allows the system to process each finger independently and combine the results, making the overall authentication more secure while accommodating natural variations in finger placement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution simplifies fingerprint identification and liveness detection, reducing errors and enhancing security by allowing easy handling and using force detection for improved authentication, thus ensuring accurate and quick access authorization checks.

Implementation Method 1

an impedance measurement is carried out on a fingertip placed on the fingerprint sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical impedance measurement: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

a fingerprint sensor optically or electrically - usually capacitively - reading or capturing biometric data

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitive sensing: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP3134846B1Arrangement and method for identifying fingerprints
Publication Date: 2024.04.03 NOVOMATIC AG
  • EP3134846B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3134846B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3134846B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The invention relates to an arrangement for identifying fingerprints, comprising at least one fingerprint sensor (21) and at least two electrodes (8, 23), wherein a fingerprint can be detected (31) by means of the fingerprint sensor (21). The invention further relates to a corresponding method for identifying fingerprints. A first electrode (23) is arranged in the vicinity of a hand support surface (7) at a distance from said hand support surface (7) such that when an index, and/or middle, and/or ring, and/or little finger of a hand is placed on said hand support surface (7), the thumb (12) of said hand (20) can be placed on the first electrode (23). At least one second electrode (8) is arranged on the hand support surface (7) such that at least one finger of the index, middle, ring, or little finger can be placed on the second electrode (8). The fingerprint sensor (21) and the first electrode (23) and/or the at least one second electrode (8) are each designed as one unit (6). Electric signals are transmitted (32) to the placed hand (20) via the electrodes (8, 23) by a measuring unit (25) for applying and analyzing the electric signals, and the changes of the electric signals are detected (33). An identification result is then ascertained (34) using the detected fingerprints and the detected signals from the measuring unit (25). Using the arrangement and the corresponding method, the reliability when checking entrance and/or access authorizations is increased and the possibility of fraud by means of non-authorized persons is reduced in a simple manner.