FIR Filter with FFT Notching for Wideband Signal Interference

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wideband communications devices interfere with narrowband devices, leading to loss of critical communication links, and existing solutions fail to significantly reduce processor loading and memory requirements for adaptive notch-on-transmit filtering.

Innovation Solution

A communications device employing a finite impulse response (FIR) filter and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) blocks to generate a wideband complex signal with frequency notches, reducing processor loading and memory requirements by using a filter with L taps to produce N output values, where L>N, and an Inverse FFT block to adaptively notch the signal, ensuring efficient coexistence with narrowband devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If DFT filterbank or mDFT filterbank is used for adaptive notch-on-transmit filtering, then frequency notching capability is achieved, but processor loading and memory requirements remain high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference with narrowband devicesVSAvoidprocessor loading and memory requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional time-domain filtering approaches (DFT/mDFT filterbanks requiring complex processor operations) with a frequency-domain approach using FFT blocks. This substitution leverages the efficiency of FFT algorithms to achieve the same notching function with significantly reduced computational complexity and memory requirements, directly resolving the contradiction between achieving notching capability and maintaining low processor loading.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If spectrally adaptive notching is implemented to meet maximum power limit and notch depth requirements, then interference with narrowband devices is reduced, but the dynamic range of the communications device is squeezed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference with narrowband devicesVSAvoiddynamic range
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamically adjustable frequency notches in the FFT domain that can be adaptively configured based on detected narrowband device frequencies. This dynamic approach allows the system to apply notching only where and when needed, rather than using fixed broad notching, thereby preserving the overall dynamic range of the power amplifier while still meeting interference reduction requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Power

If wideband complex signal is transmitted without notching, then output power and communication performance are maximized, but interference with narrowband communication devices occurs causing loss of critical communication links

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput powerVSAvoidinterference with narrowband devices
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality modification by introducing frequency-specific notches only at the precise locations where narrowband devices operate, rather than applying broad-spectrum attenuation. This localized approach preserves the signal power and communication performance in all frequency regions except where interference occurs, thereby maintaining high output power while eliminating harmful interference to narrowband devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentUS8509341B2Communications device including a filter for notching wideband transmit signals and associated methods
Publication Date: 2013.08.13 L3HARRIS GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS INC
  • US8509341B2 patent drawing
  • US8509341B2 patent drawing
  • US8509341B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A communications device includes a modulator and a filter downstream therefrom and operable to generate an output wideband complex signal with a frequency notch therein. The filter includes a finite impulse response (FIR) filter with L taps to generate N output values, with L>N. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) block is downstream from the FIR filter and has a length N so that filter transition regions occur between frequency bins of the FFT block. A notching block is downstream from the FFT block to generate the frequency notch. An Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) block is downstream from the notching block and has the length N.