Fire Damper Drive Locking Mechanism for High-Temperature Closure

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Solution Overview

Problem

Flap drives in fire protection systems face challenges in maintaining the safety position during longer-lasting fires due to high temperatures, which can cause mechanical failures and allow fire and smoke to spread.

Innovation Solution

A blocking device is integrated into the flap drive that includes a movable blocking element, a drive element, and an activation element. The activation element changes shape irreversibly at a specific blocking temperature, activating the blocking device to lock the driven element in the safety position, ensuring it remains closed even at extreme temperatures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a fire damper is left open during normal operation to allow airflow, then ventilation efficiency is improved, but the risk of fire and smoke spread increases when the damper is inadvertently left open after fire protection activation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveventilation efficiencyVSAvoidfire protection reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The blocking device is pre-configured with a blocking element that can lock the output shaft in the safety position. The drive element is pre-loaded with elastic energy from a spring, ready to automatically engage the blocking element when the activation element melts due to heat, ensuring the damper remains closed throughout the entire fire duration without requiring manual intervention or power supply

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If the blocking device uses a purely mechanical spring-driven locking mechanism without power supply, then reliability during power failures is improved, but the ability to release the blocking element after fire extinction deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperation during power failureVSAvoidrelease after fire
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The manual release function is extracted as a separate, optional feature. A release element with a manual actuating device can be provided to enable intentional release of the blocking element from the blocking position, but this release function is independent of the automatic blocking mechanism and does not affect the core fire protection function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Reliability

If the activation element melts at high temperature to trigger the blocking mechanism, then automatic activation during fire is improved, but the risk of unintentional activation due to temperature fluctuations worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveautomatic fire detectionVSAvoidunintentional activation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The activation element is designed to melt at a specific temperature threshold that corresponds to actual fire conditions. This temperature-based parameter change provides reliable automatic activation during genuine fires while avoiding unintentional activation from normal temperature fluctuations, as the melting point is set above ambient temperature ranges

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The blocking device effectively maintains the fire damper in the safety position during prolonged fires and extreme temperatures, enhancing the safety level by preventing unintentional reactivation and ensuring the fire protection system remains functional.

Implementation Method 1

The activation element changes shape irreversibly at a specific blocking temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP3117128B1Blocking device for a damper drive
Publication Date: 2019.04.10 BELIMO HOLDING AG
  • EP3117128B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3117128B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b
  • EP3117128B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present invention relates to a blocking device (4) for a damper drive, wherein the blocking device (4) can be transferred by activation from an inoperative state into an alternative activated state. The blocking device (4) comprises a movably mounted blocking element (41) which, in a blocking position, blocks an output member (13) in a safety position. The blocking device (4) further comprises a drive element (42) which, when the blocking device (4) is activated, moves the blocking element (41) into the blocking position. The blocking device further comprises an activating element (43) which, when a blocking temperature has been exceeded, activates the blocking device (4) by an irreversible change in shape. Also disclosed are a damper drive with a blocking device, a fire protection device and a method for operating a fire protection device.