Fire Detection Device Using Gas Sensor and Particle Counter
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current fire detection systems, such as those using infrared cameras and visible light cameras, face challenges in accurately distinguishing between fire smoke and temporary smoke sources, and require extensive camera installations over wide areas, leading to increased costs and monitoring burdens.
Innovation Solution
A fire detection device comprising a gas sensor, a particle diameter distribution measuring instrument, and a control device that uses a combination of MOS gas sensors and particle counters to detect gaseous and particulate components, determining the presence of smoke and fire by analyzing resistance changes and particle concentration patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If infrared cameras or visible light cameras are used to detect fires in wide areas, then fire detection capability is improved, but installation costs and the number of cameras required increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces optical detection systems (infrared/visible light cameras) with a gas detection system using MOS sensors. This substitution eliminates the need for multiple cameras while achieving fire detection through chemical analysis of smoke particles, thereby reducing device complexity and installation costs while maintaining detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the detection parameter from optical properties (infrared radiation, visible light) to chemical properties (gas composition, particle concentration). By measuring smoke particle concentration and gas components, the system achieves fire detection without requiring multiple cameras, thus resolving the contradiction between detection reliability and system complexity.
2Reliability
If infrared cameras are used to detect hot portions, then fire detection capability is improved, but the ability to distinguish fire smoke from temporary smoke sources deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces thermal detection (infrared camera measuring hot portions) with chemical detection (MOS sensors measuring smoke particle concentration and gas composition). This substitution enables differentiation between fire smoke and temporary smoke sources by analyzing the chemical characteristics of the smoke, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite detection approach combining multiple MOS sensors that detect different gas components and particle concentrations. By analyzing the combination of detection results from multiple sensors, the system can identify fire smoke versus temporary smoke sources, resolving the contradiction between detection capability and identification accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If multiple detectors are used to reduce false alarms, then detection accuracy is improved, but system complexity and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic measurement cycles where MOS sensors continuously monitor gas composition and particle concentration. The system activates the particle counter only when smoke is detected by the gas sensors, rather than operating all components continuously. This periodic action reduces power consumption while maintaining high detection accuracy through multi-sensor verification.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges the detection functions of gas sensors and particle counters into a single integrated system. The MOS gas sensors serve as primary detectors with low power consumption, while the particle counter provides confirmatory measurement only when needed. This merging allows the system to achieve high detection accuracy through multiple detection methods while minimizing overall power consumption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system enables precise and early detection of forest fires with reduced false alarms and lower installation costs by selectively powering components only when necessary, thereby conserving power and minimizing the number of cameras required.
Implementation Method 1
a gas sensor that detects a gaseous substance in a measurement space
Implementation Method 2
a particle diameter distribution measuring instrument that measures a diameter distribution of particles
Data Source
AI summary
A fire detection device includes a gas sensor, a measuring instrument, and a control device. The gas sensor is configured to detect a gaseous substance in a measurement space. The gas sensor is configured to output a first result of the detection. The measuring instrument is configured to measure a diameter of each particle existing in the measurement space and count a number of particles for each of diameter ranges to generate distribution data. The control device includes a processor. The processor is configured to determine, on basis of the first result acquired from the gas sensor, whether a smoke exists in the measurement space. The processor is configured to start the measuring instrument upon determining that a smoke exists in the measurement space. The processor is configured to determine, on basis of first distribution data acquired from the measuring instrument, whether a fire has occurred.