Fire Detection Apparatus Smoke Type Identification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional fire detection systems struggle to accurately identify the type of smoke, particularly at early stages of flammable fires or artificially generated smoke, due to reliance on the ratio of output values from light receiving signals.
Innovation Solution
A fire detection apparatus that uses a combination of first and second light emitting units with different wavelengths, a light receiving unit to capture scattered light, and an identification unit that analyzes the output ratio and rising rate of light receiving signals to determine the type of smoke present.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If only the ratio of output values of two light receiving signals is used for smoke identification, then the device complexity is low, but the measurement precision of smoke type identification deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from one-dimensional smoke identification (using only output ratio) to two-dimensional identification by introducing the rising rate parameter. This dimensional expansion enables more precise smoke type classification, particularly for distinguishing flammable fire smoke at early stages and artificially generated smoke, without significantly increasing device complexity since the rising rate is computed from existing light receiving signal data.
2Measurement precision
If multiple parameters are used for smoke identification, then the measurement precision improves, but the difficulty of detecting and measuring increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the identification unit continuously monitors both the output ratio and rising rate of light receiving signals, compares them against predetermined thresholds, and adjusts smoke type identification accordingly. This feedback approach enables precise smoke classification by dynamically evaluating multiple parameters and their changes over time, making the detection process more accurate while managing complexity through systematic threshold-based decision making.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for detailed identification of smoke types, including flammable fires and artificially generated smoke, enhancing fire detection accuracy and enabling early detection of flammable fires.
Implementation Method 1
a light receiving unit that receives scattered light of the first detection light irradiated from the first light emitting unit due to smoke, outputs a first light receiving signal according to the received scattered light, receives scattered light of the second detection light irradiated from the second light emitting unit with respect to smoke
Data Source
AI summary
A fire detection apparatus 1 includes a first light emitting unit 101 that irradiates a detection space located inside or outside the fire detection apparatus 1 with first detection light, a second light emitting unit 102 that irradiates the detection space with second detection light having a different wavelength from a wavelength of the first detection light, a light receiving unit 103 that receives scattered light of the first detection light irradiated from the first light emitting unit 101 due to smoke, outputs a first light receiving signal according to the received scattered light, receives scattered light of the second detection light irradiated from the second light emitting unit 102 with respect to smoke, and outputs a second light receiving signal according to the received scattered light, and an identification unit 107a that identifies a type of smoke present in the detection space on the basis of an output ratio of an output value of the first light receiving signal to an output value of the second light receiving signal output from the light receiving unit 103 and a rising rate of the output value of the first light receiving signal or the second light receiving signal.