Reusable Fire Detection Tube with Phase-Change Sensing Fluid

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fire detection systems for vehicles, which use self-destructing mechanisms to release fire suppressants, are not reusable and lack efficient temperature-based activation methods.

Innovation Solution

A fire detection and actuation system utilizing a sensing fluid that changes physical conditions and pressure in response to temperature, actuating a release valve to distribute fire suppressant without requiring melting or bursting, allowing for multiple reusable cycles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If self-destructing fire detection mechanisms are used to detect heat and trigger fire suppressant release, then fire detection and suppression can be achieved, but the system becomes non-reusable and requires replacement after each activation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire detection reliabilityVSAvoidsystem reusability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies this principle in reverse - instead of using disposable detection mechanisms, it employs a reusable detection system where the sensing fluid contained in the bulb can undergo multiple phase change cycles. The bulb and sensing fluid assembly is designed to be resettable, allowing the system to be used repeatedly without replacement, thereby resolving the contradiction between reliability and reusability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent recovers the sensing fluid by containing it within a reusable bulb structure. After the sensing fluid undergoes phase change to trigger suppression, it can be recovered and reused in subsequent detection cycles. This recovery approach eliminates the need for disposable mechanisms while maintaining reliable fire detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

2Productivity

If self-destructing mechanisms are used for fire suppression activation, then fire suppressant release can be triggered, but the system requires complex replacement procedures and downtime

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire suppression response efficiencyVSAvoidsystem replacement time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts this principle by creating a durable, reusable detection system. The sensing bulb is designed to withstand multiple thermal cycles without degradation, eliminating the need for time-consuming replacements and reducing system downtime between fire events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The system is pre-configured with the sensing fluid and containment bulb in a ready-to-use state. The bulb is designed beforehand to withstand the thermal expansion and phase changes of the sensing fluid, so no preliminary preparation or replacement is needed after activation, thus eliminating loss of time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Measurement precision

If traditional heat detection methods are used, then fire detection can be achieved, but the activation mechanism lacks precision in temperature-based triggering

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature detection precisionVSAvoiddetection mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs phase transitions of the sensing fluid (such as liquid to gas transition) at specific temperature thresholds to trigger activation. This phase change mechanism provides precise temperature-based triggering because the phase transition occurs at well-defined temperatures, achieving high measurement precision without requiring complex electronic sensors or processing circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses pneumatic pressure generated by the phase-changing sensing fluid to actuate the fire suppressant release mechanism. The pressure buildup from the phase transition directly drives the activation, eliminating the need for complex electronic or mechanical detection mechanisms while maintaining precise temperature-based control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient and reusable fire suppression by accurately activating the release of fire suppressants based on temperature thresholds, effectively addressing the limitations of existing systems.

Implementation Method 1

A fire detection and actuation system utilizes a sensing fluid that changes physical conditions and pressure in response to temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Implementation Method 2

A fire detection and actuation system utilizes a sensing fluid that changes physical conditions and pressure in response to temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP2308567B1Fire suppression system
Publication Date: 2022.12.07 KIDDE TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • EP2308567B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2308567B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP2308567B1 patent drawingFigure 4a~4b

AI summary

A fire detection system includes a detection tube (22) and a sensing device (16). The detection tube (22) contains a sensing fluid (23) having a first physical condition and a second physical condition. The sensing fluid (23) is in the first physical condition below a temperature threshold, and is in the second physical condition above the temperature threshold. The sensing fluid (23) is at least partially liquid in the first physical condition. The sensing device (16) is movable to open in response to a transition of a portion of the sensing fluid from the first physical condition to the second physical condition.