Fire Detector Housing Apertures for Hemispherical Smoke Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fire detectors, such as smoke detectors, often fail to effectively monitor the entire area around them due to shielding by objects, which can prevent the detection of smoke and fire gases, especially when objects are placed below or to the side of the detector, limiting their detection range and accuracy.

Innovation Solution

A fire detector design that incorporates a housing with structural openings and diffraction/refraction effects to expand the detection area to a complete hemisphere, allowing for the detection of objects below and to the side, using a combination of circular and annular apertures and gaps that enhance the detection range through diffraction and refraction patterns, ensuring comprehensive monitoring with minimal sensors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If conventional fire detectors are used with standard housing designs, then the device complexity is low, but the detection area is limited and cannot cover the complete hemisphere around the detector

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection areaVSAvoidhousing structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The housing is segmented into multiple sections with different aperture types (circular apertures, annular apertures, and gaps) arranged in specific patterns. Each segment serves a specific directional detection function, collectively covering the complete hemisphere around the detector while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The housing structure incorporates three-dimensional aperture arrangements including circular apertures, annular apertures, and gaps at different radial distances and angular positions. This multi-dimensional arrangement enables the detection area to extend across the complete hemisphere, transforming the detection coverage from a limited planar area to a comprehensive spatial volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If objects are placed below or to the side of the detector, then the device complexity remains unchanged, but the detection precision is reduced due to shielding

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidshielding effect
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the housing are designed with locally optimized aperture characteristics. Circular apertures provide focused detection in specific directions, while annular apertures and gaps cover other angular ranges. This local optimization ensures that detection precision is maintained in all directions, including areas previously vulnerable to shielding effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The aperture arrangement in the housing is intentionally asymmetric, with circular apertures, annular apertures, and gaps positioned at non-uniform angular intervals. This asymmetric configuration ensures comprehensive coverage of the hemispherical detection area, eliminating blind spots where objects could shield the detector, while maintaining structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

3Area of stationary object

If multiple sensors are used to cover the complete hemisphere, then the detection area is expanded, but the device complexity increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection areaVSAvoidsensor arrangement
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The housing structure itself is designed to serve multiple functions: it provides mechanical support, defines the detection volume, and acts as an optical/acoustic element through its aperture patterns. The circular apertures, annular apertures, and gaps collectively perform the function of multiple sensors, enabling complete hemispherical coverage without requiring separate sensor components for each direction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The housing structure performs self-detection functions by incorporating aperture patterns that inherently define and expand the detection area. The structural features (circular apertures, annular apertures, gaps) automatically create diffraction and refraction patterns that guide detection without requiring additional active sensing elements, making the housing itself serve the detection function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The expanded detection area allows for reliable detection of objects in all directions around the fire detector, including below and to the side, improving the overall monitoring of the space relevant to smoke spread and enhancing the accuracy and reliability of fire detection.

Implementation Method 1

The opening structure is designed to expand the sensor's detection range around the axis through diffraction effects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Implementation Method 2

The opening structure is designed to expand the sensor's detection range around the axis through diffraction and/or refraction effects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Data Source

PatentEP4456029A1Fire detector and device for monitoring
Publication Date: 2024.10.30 HEKATRON VERTRIEBS
  • EP4456029A1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP4456029A1 patent drawingFigure 1c~2a
  • EP4456029A1 patent drawingFigure 2b~3e

AI summary

The invention relates to a device and a fire detector that monitor their own surroundings for objects that could negatively affect the spread of smoke or gases. To detect these objects, waves are sent through an opening in a housing into a detection area in the surroundings, and this detection area is expanded by means of an opening structure.