Fire Door Leaf Thermal Break via Laminated Wood Profile
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire protection doors face challenges in achieving improved fire protection functionality while maintaining simplicity in manufacturing, particularly in meeting stringent European standards for thermal insulation and spatial integrity during fires.
Innovation Solution
A fire protection door in box-lid construction featuring a sheet metal box and lid separated by a laminated wood profile, with a cavity filled with a poorer thermal conductor material, and an outer surface treated with intumescent material and a plastic film element for enhanced thermal insulation and fire protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If sheet metal is used for the box and lid to ensure structural strength and durability, then the door leaf achieves high mechanical strength, but thermal bridges form between the box and lid compromising fire protection
Solution Approach 1:
A laminated wood profile is introduced as an intermediary thermal break element between the sheet metal box and lid. This wooden profile prevents direct thermal contact while maintaining structural connection, thereby eliminating thermal bridges and improving fire protection performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The door leaf employs a composite construction combining sheet metal (box and lid) with laminated wood (thermal break profile). This composite structure leverages the high strength of metal while utilizing the low thermal conductivity of wood to prevent heat transfer, achieving both mechanical strength and fire resistance.
2Ease of manufacture
If direct contact between box and lid is maintained for manufacturing simplicity, then the manufacturing process is simple, but thermal insulation performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The laminated wood profile serves as a simple intermediary element that can be easily attached to the sheet metal components using standard fastening methods. This maintains manufacturing simplicity while effectively breaking the thermal path between box and lid.
3Reliability
If thermal break measures are implemented to improve fire protection, then thermal insulation performance is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The door leaf employs a composite construction combining sheet metal (box and lid) with laminated wood (thermal break profile). This composite structure leverages the high strength of metal while utilizing the low thermal conductivity of wood to prevent heat transfer, achieving both mechanical strength and fire resistance.
4Reliability
If intumescent material is applied to the outer surface to enhance fire protection, then fire resistance is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The intumescent coating changes its physical parameters (expands and forms insulating char) when exposed to fire temperatures. This passive response to thermal stress provides enhanced fire protection without requiring active control systems or complex mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively limits surface temperature increase, preventing thermal bridges and enhancing fire protection by indirect thermal separation and improved insulation, thus meeting or exceeding the requirements of DIN EN 16034 standards.
Implementation Method 1
The outer surface region is provided with intumescent material
Implementation Method 2
a filling material is arranged in the cavity which conducts heat less effectively than sheet metal
Data Source
Figure 1~2
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AI summary
Door leaf (10) for a fire door (132) in a box-and-lid construction with a box (62) formed from sheet metal, which forms a first broad side (66) of the door leaf (10), a lid (64) formed from sheet metal, which forms a second broad side (68) of the door leaf, and a laminated wood profile (70) extending along a narrow side region (72) of a narrow side (12, 14, 16, 18) of the door leaf (10) for thermally breaking the connection of the box (62) and the lid (64), wherein an outer surface region (112) of the laminated wood profile (70) is arranged on the narrow side (12, 14, 16, 18) between the box (62) and the lid (64), wherein the door leaf (10) has a cavity (116) in which a filling material (118) is located. is arranged which conducts heat less efficiently than sheet metal, and wherein the outer surface area (112) is provided with intumescent material (106).