Two-Component Fire Extinguishing Composition and Portable Container
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire extinguishing systems for residential and commercial use are often heavy, difficult to operate, and contain toxic or corrosive materials that can pose health risks and environmental concerns, lacking versatility and effectiveness in extinguishing various classes of fires without proper training or equipment.
Innovation Solution
A lightweight fire-escaping composition comprising urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, water, and fluorocarbon surfactant, optionally with additional surfactants, designed to be used in a two-component system that mixes upon deployment to create a fire-retardant foam, contained in a portable and user-friendly device that does not require special training or equipment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional fire extinguishing compositions are used, then fire extinguishing effectiveness is achieved, but the system becomes heavy and difficult to operate
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing composition is divided into two separate components (first component and second component) that are stored independently and mixed only at the time of use. This segmentation allows each component to be lightweight and portable while maintaining the effectiveness of the complete composition when combined.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes changes in physical parameters (temperature, phase) during the mixing process. When the two components are mixed, they undergo chemical reaction that generates gas and creates foam, transforming the composition from liquid components to a foamy extinguishing agent, thereby achieving effective fire suppression with lightweight portable containers.
2Reliability
If conventional fire extinguishing materials are used, then fire suppression capability is achieved, but toxic and corrosive effects on humans and environment occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts potentially harmful substances into beneficial ones by replacing toxic and corrosive fire extinguishing materials with non-toxic, non-corrosive alternatives. The first component contains urea and the second component contains phosphoric acid, which when mixed create a safe and effective fire suppression system without the harmful effects of traditional materials like ammonium sulphate or fluorinated surfactants.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite composition made from naturally occurring, non-toxic materials (urea and phosphoric acid) that work together synergistically. This composite approach achieves effective fire suppression while eliminating the need for toxic additives, creating an environmentally friendly extinguishing agent.
3Reliability
If specialized fire fighting equipment and training are required, then fire extinguishing effectiveness is improved, but device complexity and operational difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing system is designed to be self-activating and self-regulating. When the two components are mixed, they automatically undergo chemical reaction to produce the extinguishing foam without requiring external power sources, complex controls, or specialized training. The user simply needs to combine the components and apply to the fire.
Solution Approach 2:
The reactive chemicals are pre-prepared and stored in stable, separate components that are ready for immediate use. The chemical reaction that generates the extinguishing agent is initiated automatically upon mixing, eliminating the need for complex activation mechanisms or specialized operational procedures during the emergency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition effectively extinguishes or contains fires, meeting Australian and New Zealand safety standards, while being non-toxic and non-corrosive, ensuring user safety and environmental sustainability, and is designed to be easily operable and versatile across different fire classes.
Implementation Method 1
Once delivered to the fire source, an extinguishing effect is achieved through the generation of carbon dioxide and ammonia via the thermal decomposition of the components
Implementation Method 2
the generation of carbon dioxide and ammonia via the thermal decomposition of the components
Implementation Method 3
fluorocarbon surfactant
Data Source
AI summary
The fire-escape composition is composed of two components, one consisting essentially of urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, fluorocarbon surfactant and water; the other consisting of tartaric acid, potassium citrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein the two components are combined before usage. The fire-escaping system comprises the fire-escape composition and a container with a chamber, wherein the container is to be applied to a fire so as to deliver the composition.