Fire Pump Diffuser Layout for Lower Volute Pressure Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire pumps for fire fighting systems suffer from high pressure loss and decreased hydraulic performance due to non-concentric geometric centers of the diffuser and impeller, and uniform blade distribution leading to inefficient water pumping.
Innovation Solution
The diffuser and impeller geometric centers are intentionally offset, and guide blades are distributed at unequal intervals, with specific ratios and positions to reduce pressure loss and improve hydraulic performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the geometric centers of the diffuser and impeller are made concentric and guide blades are uniformly distributed, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but pressure loss in the volute cavity increases and hydraulic performance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies asymmetry by intentionally making the geometric center of the diffuser deviate from the geometric center of the impeller (non-concentric arrangement), and by distributing guide blades at unequal intervals around the diffuser. This asymmetric configuration optimizes the flow path in the volute cavity, reducing pressure loss and improving hydraulic performance compared to traditional symmetric concentric designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating different intervals between adjacent guide blades in different regions of the diffuser. Specifically, the interval between guide blades varies at different angular positions, allowing each region to be optimized for its local flow characteristics, thereby reducing overall pressure loss in the volute cavity.
2Productivity
If conventional concentric design with uniform guide blade distribution is used, then manufacturing is easier, but pumping efficiency and output pressure decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements asymmetry through non-concentric positioning of the diffuser relative to the impeller and through unequal angular spacing of guide blades. This asymmetric design improves water pumping efficiency and output pressure by optimizing flow distribution in the volute cavity, despite increased manufacturing complexity compared to uniform concentric designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by varying the angular intervals between guide blades and the radial position of the diffuser center relative to the impeller center. These parameter optimizations lead to improved hydraulic performance and pumping efficiency, trading off some manufacturing simplicity for significant performance gains.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces pressure loss in the volute cavity, enhancing output pressure and water pumping efficiency of the fire pump.
Implementation Method 1
the pump body is a centrifugal pump
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a fire pump for a fire fighting system, the fire pump including a pump body (1), a motor (2), a transmission assembly (3), a water inlet pipe (4), a water outlet pipe (5), and a display instrument (6). The pump body is a centrifugal pump, and the pump body includes a volute, an impeller (11), and a diffuser (12). The impeller includes a plurality of blades (13) distributed along a circumferential direction, and the diffuser includes a plurality of guide blades (14) distributed along a circumferential direction, where the diffuser has a geometric center O1, the impeller has a geometric center O2, and the geometric center O1 and the geometric center O2 are not concentric and have a deviation (Y1, X1); and the plurality of guide blades of the diffuser are distributed along the circumferential direction at unequal intervals.