Fire Retardant Composition for Textiles Using CMC Mediator
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire protection and fire retardant compositions are not suitable for textile materials, are difficult to apply, and have ecological disadvantages due to the use of synthetically produced chemical substances, and lack effective fire extinguishing properties.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising monoammonium phosphate, boric acid, glycerin, carboxymethyl cellulose, and potassium sorbate, which provides both fire protection and fire extinguishing properties, is developed, preventing crystallization on treated materials and using organic and inorganic components to minimize environmental impact.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If known fire-retardant compositions are applied to textiles, then fire protection is achieved, but the textile becomes rigid and unusable due to crystallization of monoammonium phosphate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces carboxymethyl cellulose as a mediator that prevents crystallization of monoammonium phosphate on textile surfaces. This intermediary substance allows the fire-retardant composition to remain effective while maintaining textile flexibility and usability, resolving the contradiction between fire protection and textile flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of the fire-retardant composition by adding carboxymethyl cellulose, which changes the physical state and crystallization behavior of monoammonium phosphate. This parameter change prevents the formation of rigid crystalline structures on the textile, thereby maintaining flexibility while preserving fire protection properties.
2Reliability
If synthetically produced chemical substances are used in fire protection compositions, then fire retardant properties are achieved, but environmental pollution and energy-intensive manufacturing occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the compositional parameters by incorporating natural substances like carboxymethyl cellulose alongside synthetic monoammonium phosphate. This modification reduces the environmental harm while maintaining fire retardant effectiveness, balancing reliability with reduced ecological impact.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite fire protection composition that combines synthetic monoammonium phosphate with natural carboxymethyl cellulose. This composite approach leverages the fire-retardant properties of the synthetic component while the natural component reduces environmental pollution and energy-intensive manufacturing requirements.
3Reliability
If existing fire extinguishing systems form thick dispersion layers, then fire extinguishing effectiveness is improved, but application effort and environmental damage increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the physical parameters of the dispersion layer by preventing crystallization and improving flow characteristics through carboxymethyl cellulose. This allows for thinner, more easily applied layers that maintain fire extinguishing effectiveness while reducing application effort and environmental damage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition significantly increases fire resistance of combustible materials, provides effective fire extinguishing without toxic gas formation, and can be used on various materials including textiles, preventing afterburning and smoke development.
Implementation Method 1
At temperatures above approximately 250 °C, a thermochemical reaction is triggered in which a dispersion layer of the fire extinguishing system foams up and spreads in front of or over the source of the fire
Implementation Method 2
Such dispersion layers can trap gases in foam pores, which block the supply of oxygen to the source of the fire and thus prevent its propagation
Implementation Method 3
The composition according to the invention comprises at least the following components: a) Monoammonium phosphate; b) Boric acid; c) Glycerin; d) Carboxymethylcellulose; and e) Potassium sorbate. One disadvantage of such a coating... is that it is not suitable for all materials... Known compositions are very difficult to apply and are not long-lasting. Most such fire-retardant coatings also contain monoammonium phosphate, which, in a liquid form, can be applied to textiles, for example, but then crystallizes upon subsequent drying, rendering the textile rigid and unusable.
Data Source
AI summary
A composition is proposed which includes the following components: a) monoammonium phosphate; b) boric acid; c) glycerol; d) carboxymethylcellulose; and e) potassium sorbate.