Fire Sleeve with High Specific Heat Capacity for Partition Wall Penetration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional solutions for preventing fire spread through partition walls, such as using mineral wool or plaster, are ineffective for metal-based crossing elements due to heat conduction issues, and face challenges like difficult installation, high costs, and limited fireproof duration.
Innovation Solution
An assembly comprising a fireproof sleeve made of materials with high specific heat capacity and latent heat of change, such as cement mortar or plaster, surrounding the crossing element, along with a flexible casing for easy installation and acoustic/mechanical insulation, effectively dissipates heat and prevents fire spread.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional fireproof materials (mineral wool or plaster) are used to surround crossing elements, then fire protection is provided, but installation becomes difficult, size increases, cost increases, and achieving four-hour fire resistance becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the thermal parameter of the fireproof material by selecting a substance with high specific heat capacity (at least 1000 kJ/(m³·K)). This parameter change allows the sleeve to absorb more thermal energy per unit volume, achieving effective fire protection with a more compact and easier-to-install structure compared to conventional materials
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite structure consisting of a sleeve made from material with high specific heat capacity surrounding the crossing element. This composite approach combines the structural function of the crossing element with the thermal protection function of the sleeve, achieving both fire resistance and ease of installation through integrated design
2Strength
If crossing elements made of metal are used, then structural integrity and conductivity are improved, but heat conduction from fire side to protected side increases, reducing fire protection effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a fireproof sleeve as an intermediary layer between the metal crossing element and the environment. This sleeve acts as a thermal barrier that mediates the heat transfer process, allowing the metal element to maintain its structural integrity while the sleeve absorbs and dissipates heat, preventing direct heat conduction to the protected side
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the high thermal conductivity of metal, which is normally a harmful factor for fire protection, into a beneficial situation by using the metal's structural strength while surrounding it with a material that actively manages heat through high specific heat capacity. The metal provides strength while the sleeve handles thermal management, turning the metal's thermal property from a liability into part of a controlled thermal management system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The assembly effectively delays fire spread across partition walls, achieving simple and economical production and installation, with a fire resistance duration of up to four hours, while being cost-effective and easy to install.
Implementation Method 1
The sleeve extends radially between an inner surface of the casing and an outer surface of the crossing element. The sleeve comprises a substance having a specific heat capacity of at least 1000 kJ/(m 3·K), advantageously water, an oil or a wax.
Implementation Method 2
The sleeve comprises a substance having a specific heat capacity of at least 1000 kJ/(m 3·K) and a latent heat of change of at least 200 kJ/m 3, advantageously water, an oil or a wax.
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
Assembly (10) comprising: - a penetrating element (18) intended to pass through a separating wall (1) in a longitudinal direction (L), - at least one envelope (22) of flexible material, placed at least temporarily around the penetrating element, and - at least one sleeve (24) intended to act as a firestop, the sleeve comprising a hydraulic binder and/or a colloid and the sleeve being installed, after the placement of the envelope, in an interstitial space (30) defined at least by an external surface (32) of the penetrating element and an internal surface (26) of the placed envelope, the envelope being sufficiently watertight for the sleeve to be cast, injected or disposed in the interstitial space.