Firearm Breech Device Recoil Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing breech devices in hand firearms experience significant recoil during fully automatic firing modes, leading to premature cartridge firing, potential destruction of the cartridge, and reduced reliability due to excessive wear and stress on components, especially when clearances between locking components are larger than assembly clearances.
Innovation Solution
A breech device design featuring a vertically arranged locking arm with a bearing pin, a tensioning pin with an oval driving part, and a trigger link system with a window portion and stop areas, which allows for precise engagement and reduced recoil by pre-igniting cartridges before complete locking, thus minimizing unwanted movement and stress on components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If a single-arm lever mechanism is used to lock the breech block, then the locking force is increased through gear ratio amplification, but the breech device experiences significant recoil that causes premature cartridge firing and destruction
Solution Approach 1:
A buffer element is introduced as an intermediary component between the breech block and the single-arm lever mechanism. This buffer absorbs and dampens the recoil forces generated during locking, preventing the excessive rearward movement that causes premature firing and cartridge destruction while still allowing the lever mechanism to provide sufficient locking force through its gear ratio amplification.
Solution Approach 2:
The buffer element is positioned in advance within the locking mechanism to cushion the recoil impact before it can cause harmful effects. By pre-positioning this energy-absorbing component, the system prepares for the inevitable recoil forces during locking, allowing the single-arm lever to function effectively without transmitting full recoil forces to the breech block and cartridge.
2Ease of manufacture
If clearances between locking components are increased to accommodate manufacturing tolerances, then assembly ease is improved, but recoil effects are amplified and component wear increases
Solution Approach 1:
The buffer element serves as a mediator that decouples the relationship between clearance size and recoil magnitude. By introducing this damping component, the system can tolerate larger clearances between locking components without proportionally amplifying recoil effects, as the buffer absorbs the shock regardless of the specific clearance dimensions within reasonable tolerances.
3Stability of the object's composition
If the breech block is designed with significant mass to provide stable locking, then locking stability is improved, but the recoil impact during locking increases and disturbs aiming
Solution Approach 1:
The buffer element is pre-positioned to cushion the recoil impact that inevitably occurs when a massive breech block is accelerated rearward during locking. This allows the design to maintain the beneficial stability provided by high mass while mitigating the harmful recoil impact through the buffer's energy absorption characteristics.
Data Source
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AI summary
A breech device of a hand firearm comprises a firearm casing, a trigger mechanism, a carrier slidably arranged within the firearm casing, and a breech block engaging the carrier and having a firing pin. The breech device further includes a tensioning element slidably engaged with the carrier and coupled to at least one follower pin engaging the firing pin and slidably engaged with the breech block. The tensioning element includes a projecting part having a forward-directed nose adapted to engage a stop detent on the trigger mechanism. The breech device further includes a tensioning pin slidably engaged with the carrier and the breech block.