Firefighting Nozzle Flat Curtain Jet Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fire-fighting equipment struggles to effectively direct a fire extinguishing medium jet to prevent fire expansion, particularly in confined spaces like aircraft, where a circular jet shape is insufficient for containment.
Innovation Solution
A rescue boom with a piercing tool and nozzle arrangement that directs multiple single jets from obliquely positioned orifices to form a flat curtain-like jet, allowing for precise direction and containment of the fire extinguishing medium, creating a 'wall' to confine the fire and prevent gas expansion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a fire extinguishing medium is sprayed through nozzles in a piercing tool, then the fire extinguishing medium can be delivered to the burning object, but the circular jet shape is insufficient for preventing fire expansion
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is divided into multiple orifices arranged in a specific pattern, where each orifice contributes to forming a segment of the flat curtain-like jet. This segmentation allows the system to create an effective fire barrier without requiring a complex single-orifice nozzle design.
Solution Approach 2:
The parameters of the orifices (such as their angles, positions, and dimensions) are specifically optimized to transform the conventional circular jet into a flat curtain-like jet. By changing the geometric parameters of the nozzle orifices, the system achieves superior fire containment effectiveness.
2Reliability
If the jet shape is changed from circular to flat curtain-like, then fire containment effectiveness is improved, but the nozzle design becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The orifices in the nozzle are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the nozzle axis, with different orientations and angles designed to specifically generate the flat curtain-like jet pattern. This asymmetric arrangement is crucial for achieving the desired jet shape and fire containment effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The nozzle design transitions from producing a jet in one dimension (circular cross-section) to producing a jet in two dimensions (flat curtain-like shape). This dimensional change is achieved through careful orchestration of multiple orifices oriented at different angles, creating a planar jet structure that effectively contains fire.
3Measurement precision
If multiple orifices are used to form a flat curtain-like jet, then accurate direction and containment are achieved, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle design with multiple orifices serves multiple functions simultaneously: it distributes the fire extinguishing medium, directs the jet flow, and creates the flat curtain-like shape. This multi-functionality is achieved through a unified orifice arrangement that integrates several capabilities into a single component.
Solution Approach 2:
The geometric parameters of the orifices (angles, positions, diameters) are specifically designed and optimized to achieve the desired jet characteristics. By carefully selecting these parameters, the system attains high direction accuracy and effective fire containment while managing manufacturing precision requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The flat curtain-like jet enables accurate direction and containment of fires, preventing expansion and protecting passengers by forming a wall between the fire and other areas, effectively confining the fire and toxic gases in aircraft.
Implementation Method 1
piercing a shell of a burning object by pushing at least one elongated piercing tool arranged in a rescue boom from the side of a first surface of the shell to the side of a second surface
Implementation Method 2
feeding, along at least one longitudinal channel in the piercing tool, a fire extinguishing medium to a nozzle provided in the piercing tool
Implementation Method 3
spraying the fire extinguishing medium to the side of the second surface of the shell through a plurality of orifices provided in the nozzle
Implementation Method 4
directing a plurality of single jets expelled from the orifices so that they form a single uniform jet having a flat curtain-like shape
Data Source
AI summary
A method for fire-fighting, a rescue boom and a nozzle of a piercing tool. A rescue boom is provided with an elongated piercing tool that can be pushed through a shell of a burning object. A fire extinguishing medium can be conveyed through the piercing tool to a nozzle provided in the piercing tool. The nozzle is provided with orifices arranged such that single jets form a single uniform jet having a flat curtain-like shape.