Fireproof Battery Module With Inter-Cell Heat Absorbing Layer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium battery modules are prone to thermal runaway and fires due to internal short circuits, which can spread to neighboring cells, necessitating a solution to prevent heat propagation and explosions.
Innovation Solution
A fireproof battery module design featuring a double-layer structure with a heat absorbing part containing vaporizable materials and a heat insulation part with lower thermal conductivity, strategically placed between adjacent battery cells to absorb and insulate heat, preventing thermal runaway and fire propagation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If battery cells are arranged tightly to increase energy density, then productivity and space utilization are improved, but thermal runaway can easily spread to neighboring cells causing fire and explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery module into isolated thermal zones by inserting fireproof partitions between adjacent battery cells. These partitions segment the continuous space into discrete compartments, preventing thermal runaway from propagating from one cell to another while maintaining tight overall arrangement for high energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The fireproof partition acts as an intermediary barrier between adjacent battery cells. It includes a heat absorbing part with vaporizable material that absorbs excess heat, and a heat insulation part with low thermal conductivity that blocks heat transfer, thereby mediating the thermal interaction between cells and preventing fire propagation.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If insulation materials with low thermal conductivity are used to prevent heat spread, then fire safety is improved, but heat absorption capacity and response effectiveness are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The fireproof partition employs materials whose thermal properties change in response to temperature. The heat absorbing part contains vaporizable material that undergoes phase change at elevated temperatures, absorbing large amounts of heat during vaporization. The heat insulation part maintains low thermal conductivity across a wide temperature range, ensuring effective heat blocking while the vaporizable material provides active heat absorption when needed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The fireproof layer effectively absorbs heat, vaporizes to create an air gap for insulation, and reduces temperature, thereby preventing thermal runaway and explosions in adjacent battery cells, enhancing the safety of the battery module.
Implementation Method 1
The heat absorbing part includes a vaporizable material
Implementation Method 2
a thermal conductivity of the heat insulation part is lower than a thermal conductivity of the heat absorbing part
Data Source
AI summary
A fireproof battery module including a plurality of battery cells and at least one fireproof layer. The battery cells are electrically connected to one another. The at least one fireproof layer is located between two of the plurality of battery cells that are adjacent to each other. The fireproof layer includes a heat absorbing part and a heat insulation part that are connected to each other. The heat absorbing part includes a vaporizable material and a thermal conductivity of the heat insulation part is lower than a thermal conductivity of the heat absorbing part.